High-Flow Field Experiments to Inform Everglades Restoration: Experimental Data, 2010-2016


Data File Structure

Lettered sections A-H explain data file organization and include a copy of the metadata worksheets for each section.

(Click on a link below to download raw data files and metadata for that section. Data can also be downloaded through the "High-Flow Field Experiments to Inform Everglades Restoration: Experimental Data, 2010-2016" database.

A. Microtopography
B. Surface Water and Groundwater Levels
C. Surface Water Flow Velocities
D. Suspended Particle Sizes and Concentrations
E. Biogeochemical Sampling
F. Vegetation Influence on Sheet Flow
G. Water Quality Monitoring
H. Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions Detected using Heat as a Tracer

A. Microtopography: Micro-scale topographic measurements.

File Name: "Microtopography.xlsx" (zipped, 191 KB) or "Microtopography.csv" (zipped, 35 KB), contain the following worksheets
>> Metadata
>> 2010 and 2011
>> C1
>> C2
>> Z51_USGS
>> RS1U
>> RS1D
>> RS2
>> S1
>> UB1
>> UB2
>> UB3
>> DB2

Metadata Worksheet - Microtopography

"Microtopography.xlsx" is an excel workbook presenting data as a part of the data release. High-Flow Field Experiments to Inform Everglades Restoration: Experimental Data 2010 to 2016

Data were collected by USGS for USACE project "CERP: Testing and Monitoring for the Physical Model for Water Conservation Area 3 Decompartmentalization and Sheet Flow Enhancement Project", MIPR W32CS510826251. This file contains data collected from research areas known as the Decompartmentalization Physical Model (DPM) and WCA-3A and WCA-3B, Everglades, FL

Datum: WGS84
Site ID Latitude Longitude
S152 25.8640740 -80.6208520
C1 25.8688503 -80.6107030
C2 25.8327940 -80.6351380
Z51_USGS 25.8629310 -80.6206310
Z51 25.8626030 -80.6201250
RS1D 25.8600655 -80.6204093
RS1U 25.8603442 -80.6203967
RS1SE 25.8603150 -80.6190730
Z53B 25.8585970 -80.6199950
Z53NE_2014 25.8581190 -80.6191020
Z53NE_2015 25.8596600 -80.6178700
RS2 25.8513699 -80.6221905
S1 25.8511939 -80.6170715
UB1 25.8438739 -80.6159930
UB2 25.8407041 -80.6175268
UB3 25.8376759 -80.6199131
MB0 25.8436000 -80.6142100
MB1 25.8425860 -80.6149720
MB2 25.8399780 -80.6169440
MB3 25.8366690 -80.6194060
DB1 25.8415550 -80.6138860
DB2 25.8391270 -80.6156970
DB3 25.8368580 -80.6174220

This worksheet tab, "Metadata," provides a summary of the data collection methods, defines all related variables and provides supporting calculations. In the subsequent spreadsheet, "2010 and 2011," all data collected during those two years are presented, during which time the circle method was used. In spreadsheets, "C1" through "DB2," data from November 2011 to March 2015 are provided for each site spreadsheet collected using the linear transect method.

Nov 2010 to Nov 2011 Data Collection Methods (Circle Method): Topography data were collected around a circle with a 100m radius from 4 sites: C1, RS1, S1 and UB2. At each collection location in the circle, 6 measurements were taken in a smaller circle with a 1m radius around the collection point. Those 6 measurements were averaged to get an average measurement at that location on the 100m radius circle. Topography is expressed as centimeters above a vertical datum. The vertical datum for Topography Data is NAVD88. Vertical Datum was found using a GPS survey conducted in 2012 along with levels conducted in 2013 in accordance with USGS protocol. Period of Record for Topography Circle Data Collection: Topography was collected 11/08/2010 for UB2, 11/06/2010 for RS1 and 11/03/2011 for S1 and C1. EDEN-8 and Site 69W are located in WCA-3A, Site 69W is in the pocket and TI-9 is located in WCA-3B. The heading "All Observations" refers to the values calculated from all the raw measurements with no averaging. 100m refers to the values found through averaging from the 6 measurements taken at each point in the 100m circle. 1m refers to values within the 1m circle taken at each location in the 100m radius circle. The GPS coordinates for each station located in the center of the 100m circle are located in the tab marked "Site Locations."

Nov 2011 to March 2016 Data Collection Methods (Linear Transect Method): Topography was measured at each of the following sites: C1, C2, Z51_USGS, RS1U, RS1D, S1, UB1, UB2, UB3, and DB2. Topography measurements were taken along a linear transect. Measurements were taken of depth to the surface of the floc and depth to the surface of the peat. When possible, 3 depth-to-floc and 3 depth-to-peat measurements were taken at each point along the transect and averaged. Depth to floc and depth to peat were converted into elevations by using the "Down to Water Surface Elevation" and the KPSI Surface Elevations. Down to water surface elevations were found by subtracting the distance between a known surveyed elevation and the surface of water elevation from a benchmark elevation to get a water surface elevation. KPSI surface water data were adjusted with offset values before being used as a reference elevation for topography data. When neither DTW or KPSI elevations were available, the floc and peat depths were related (using staff gages) to the water surface elevation of the nearest site taken at the closest time to the microtopography measurements.

Data Columns:
Site Location the topography measurements were taken.
Ridge Vegetation community primarily containing Cladium jamaciense (sawgrass). This zone tends to have the shallowest water depth.
Slough Vegetation community primarily containing Eleocharis elongata. This zone tends to have the deepest water depth.
1-1 The first number is an indication of the location where microtopography measurements were taken at the particular site. The second number is a count of the measurements taken within that area (normally 3 repetitions are collected).
Sample Position (m) Location of where the measurement was taken along the transect. For Ridge/Slough sites 0 starts at the Ridge. For Slough sites 0 is the measurement taken farthest East.
Date/Time Date and time that the measurement was taken.
Depth to Floc (cm) Distance from the surface of the water to the surface of the floc, found by resting the microtopography probe on the floc.
Depth to Peat (cm) Distance from the surface of the water to the surface of the peat, found by pushing the probe through the floc.
Floc Thickness (cm) Floc Thickness (cm) = Depth to Peat (cm) - Depth to Floc (cm)
KPSI Water Surface Elevations (m) KPSI long term deployment data that has been adjusted with offset values taken at the same location, date and time as the microtopography measurements.
DTW Water Surface Elevations (m) DTW Water Surface Elevation (m) = Surveyed Elevation Point (m) - Distance from the Surveyed Point to the Water Surface (m)
KPSI Floc Elevations (m) KPSI Floc Elevation (m) = KPSI Water Surface Elevation (m) - Depth to Floc (m)
KPSI Peat Elevations (m) KPSI Peat Elevation (m) = KPSI Water Surface Elevation (m) - Depth to Peat (m)
DTW Floc Elevations (m) DTW Floc Elevation (m) = DTW Water Surface Elevation (m) - Depth to Floc (m)
DTW Peat Elevations (m) DTW Peat Elevation (m) = DTW Water Surface Elevation (m) - Depth to Peat (m)
Difference in Peat Elevations (m) Difference in Peat Elevations (m) = DTW Peat Elevation (m) - KPSI Peat Elevation (m)

Contact Information:
Jay Choi
jchoi@usgs.gov


B. Surface Water and Groundwater Levels: Continuous measurements of water level from pressure transducers.

File Name: "Surface Water and Groundwater Levels.xlsx" (zipped, 68 MB) or "Surface Water and Groundwater Levels.csv" (zipped, 13 MB), contains the following worksheets
>> Metadata
>> Water Levels

Metadata Worksheet – Surface Water and Groundwater Levels

"Surface Water and GroundWater Levels.xlsx" is an excel workbook presenting data as a part of the data release. High-Flow Field Experiments to Inform Everglades Restoration: Experimental Data 2010 to 2016

Data were collected by USGS for USACE project "CERP: Testing and Monitoring for the Physical Model for Water Conservation Area 3 Decompartmentalization and Sheet Flow Enhancement Project", MIPR W32CS510826251 This file contains data collected from research areas known as the Decompartmentalization Physical Model (DPM) and WCA-3A and WCA-3B, Everglades, FL

Datum: WGS84
Site ID Latitude Longitude
S152 25.8640740 -80.6208520
C1 25.8688503 -80.6107030
C2 25.8327940 -80.6351380
Z51_USGS 25.8629310 -80.6206310
Z51 25.8626030 -80.6201250
RS1D 25.8600655 -80.6204093
RS1U 25.8603442 -80.6203967
RS1SE 25.8603150 -80.6190730
Z53B 25.8585970 -80.6199950
Z53NE_2014 25.8581190 -80.6191020
Z53NE_2015 25.8596600 -80.6178700
RS2 25.8513699 -80.6221905
S1 25.8511939 -80.6170715
UB1 25.8438739 -80.6159930
UB2 25.8407041 -80.6175268
UB3 25.8376759 -80.6199131
MB0 25.8436000 -80.6142100
MB1 25.8425860 -80.6149720
MB2 25.8399780 -80.6169440
MB3 25.8366690 -80.6194060
DB1 25.8415550 -80.6138860
DB2 25.8391270 -80.6156970
DB3 25.8368580 -80.6174220

This worksheet tab, "Metadata," provides a summary of the data collection methods and defines all related variables. In the subsequent spreadsheet, "Water Levels," the complete set of water level data is provided for the entire study period.

Data Collection Methods: Surface water elevations were obtained according to the USGS Office of Surface Water standards (Kenney, 2010). Vented KPSI pressure transducers are installed in protected surface water wells (PVC standpipes). Sites Z51_USGS, RS1D and UB2 additionally have groundwater wells. KPSI pressure transducers are powered by a solar panel and data are recorded in a CR10X data logger on either 5 or 15 minute intervals. Reference markers were installed and surveyed. During field visits surface water elevation is calculated from these reference markers and then is used to check the live sensor reading. Water elevation is attained from the reference marker by a hand measurement of the distance from the top of the reference marker down to the surface of the water. KPSI pressure transducer readings are added to the KPSI elevation to attain the water level elevation. If the sensor elevation differs from the water elevation measured from the reference marker, the difference is applied to the data as an offset. Data are downloaded from each sensor during field visits and appended to previously collected data.

Data Columns:
Date Date and Time of sampling interval
Site Name SW Surface water elevation at indicated site (m)
Site Name GW Groundwater elevation at indicated site (m)

Kenney, T.A (2010), Levels at gaging stations: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 3-A19. p 60.

Contact Information:
Jay Choi
jchoi@usgs.gov


C. Surface Water Flow Velocities: Discrete profile data and continuous measurements of surface water velocity.

a. File Name: "Velocity Profiles.xlsx" (zipped, 425 KB) or "Velocity Profiles.csv" (zipped, 93 KB), contain the following worksheets
>> Metadata
>> C1R
>> C1S
>> C2R
>> C2S
>> Z51_USGSR
>> Z51_USGSS
>> RS1UR
>> RS1US
>> RS1DR
>> RS1DS
>> RS2R
>> RS2S
>> S1
>> UB1
>> UB2
>> UB3
>> DB1
>> DB2
>> DB3
>> Flow Tracker

Metadata Worksheet – Velocity Profiles

"Velocity Profiles.xlsx" is an excel workbook presenting data as a part of the data release. High-Flow Field Experiments to Inform Everglades Restoration: Experimental Data 2010 to 2016

Data were collected by USGS for USACE project "CERP: Testing and Monitoring for the Physical Model for Water Conservation Area 3 Decompartmentalization and Sheet Flow Enhancement Project", MIPR W32CS510826251 This file contains data collected from research areas known as the Decompartmentalization Physical Model (DPM) and WCA-3A and WCA-3B, Everglades, FL

Datum: WGS84
Site ID Latitude Longitude
S152 25.8640740 -80.6208520
C1 25.8688503 -80.6107030
C2 25.8327940 -80.6351380
Z51_USGS 25.8629310 -80.6206310
Z51 25.8626030 -80.6201250
RS1D 25.8600655 -80.6204093
RS1U 25.8603442 -80.6203967
RS1SE 25.8603150 -80.6190730
Z53B 25.8585970 -80.6199950
Z53NE_2014 25.8581190 -80.6191020
Z53NE_2015 25.8596600 -80.6178700
RS2 25.8513699 -80.6221905
S1 25.8511939 -80.6170715
UB1 25.8438739 -80.6159930
UB2 25.8407041 -80.6175268
UB3 25.8376759 -80.6199131
MB0 25.8436000 -80.6142100
MB1 25.8425860 -80.6149720
MB2 25.8399780 -80.6169440
MB3 25.8366690 -80.6194060
DB1 25.8415550 -80.6138860
DB2 25.8391270 -80.6156970
DB3 25.8368580 -80.6174220

This worksheet tab, "Metadata," provides a summary of the data collection methods and defines all related variables. In the subsequent spreadsheets, "C1R" through "DB3," are site-specific data of all the velocity profiles collected from 2010 to March 2015 using a Sontek ADV or Nortek Vectrino. In the spreadsheet, "Flow Tracker," is the complete set of velocity data collected using a Sontek Flow Tracker. Profiles with data columns A-T are taken with a Sontek ADV. Profiles with data colums A-K are taken with a Nortek Vectrino

ADV/Vectrino Velocity Profile Data Collection Methods: Velocities were measured at 10 Hz in 1 minute bursts, yielding 600 samples at each depth increment. Depth increments throughout the water column are 2-5cm, depending on total water depth, apparent vertical variability in vegetation architecture, and overall favorability of measurement conditions and time constraints. Signal to noise ratio (SNR) was monitored continuously during collection. Samples had to pass a 40% minimum correlation filter. At least 70% of samples in a burst had to pass the filter for the burst to be retained (Martin et al., 2002). Data with SNR of 5 dB or less were discarded. The 3-dimensional velocity data underwent a rotation for magnetic declination.

Flow Tracker Data Collection Methods: Sontek ADV Flow Tracker is used for discrete measurements when ADV data were not available. Data were recorded in one minute bursts collected at depths; low (5cm above floc surface), middle of the water column, and upper (5cm below the water surface). The probe head is positioned in a location with approximately 30 cm of clear space around the sensor. Vegetation was clipped if necessary.

Sontek ADV Data Columns:
Profile depth Arbitrary depth marked on the ADV cradle (cm)
Height Height of receivers above the top of peat (cm), sampling volume is 5 or 10 cm below the probe depending on the probe type
Burst Burst number
V-x/V-E Burst-averaged velocity (cm/sec) in x/E direction
V-y/V-N Burst-averaged velocity (cm/sec) in y/N direction
V-z/V-U Burst-averaged velocity (cm/sec) in z/U direction
Speed Magnitude of horizontal velocity vector (cm/sec)
Direction Angle (degree in clockwise) from North
COR0_0 A ratio of the coherent portion of the acoustic pulse signal to the total power: Sx2/(Sx2+Nx2) where Sx and Nx are signal and random noise in beam x
COR1_0 A ratio of the coherent portion of the acoustic pulse signal to the total power: Sy2/(Sy2+Ny2) where Sx and Nx are signal and random noise in beam y
COR2_0 A ratio of the coherent portion of the acoustic pulse signal to the total power: Sz2/(Sz2+Nz2) where Sx and Nx are signal and random noise in beam z
SNR0_0 Burst-averaged ratio of signal to noise in x/E probe
SNR1_0 Burst-averaged ratio of signal to noise in y/N probe
SNR2_0 Burst-averaged ratio of signal to noise in z/U probe
AMP0_0 Burst-averaged signal strength for acoustic receiver (x/E) in units of counts
AMP1_0 Burst-averaged signal strength for acoustic receiver (y/N) in units of counts
AMP2_0 Burst-averaged signal strength for acoustic receiver (z/U) in units of counts
STD_SPD Burst-averaged standard deviation of horizontal speed (cm/sec)
Samp_Pass Number of samples passed the 40% minimum correlation filter

Nortek Vectrino Data Columns:
Profile depth Arbitrary depth marked on the ADV cradle (cm)
Depth (cm) Distance (cm) from water surface
Burst Burst number
V-x (cm/s) Burst-averaged velocity (cm/sec) in x direction
V-y (cm/s) Burst-averaged velocity (cm/sec) in y direction
v-z (cm/s) Burst-averaged velocity (cm/sec) in z direction
Speed (cm/s) Magnitude of horizontal velocity vector (cm/sec)
STD speed Standard deviation of speed
Direction Angle (degree in clockwise) from North
STD Dir Standard deviation of direction

Flow Tracker Data Columns:

Flow tracker data from all sites are together in the spreadsheet "Flow Tracker"

Site Location where the measurement was taken.
Ridge Vegetation community primarily containing Cladium jamaciense (sawgrass). This zone tends to have the shallowest water depth.
Slough Vegetation community primarily containing Eleocharis elongata. This zone tends to have the deepest water depth.
Date Date the measurement was taken.
Time Time the measurement was taken.
Total Depth (cm) Depth from the surface of the water to the top of the floc layer.
Depth from Surface (cm) Depth from the surface of the water to the location of the flow tracker probe as the measurement as performed.
Low Sampling location positioned approximately 5cm above the floc surface.
Mid Sampling location positioned in the approximate center of the water column.
High Sampling location positioned approximately 5cm from the water surface.
Vx (cm/s) Velocity in the positive east direction.
Vy (cm/s) Velocity in the positive north direction.
Vz (cm/s) Velocity in the upward direction.

Goring, D. G., and V. I. Nikora, 2002. Despiking Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter Data. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering Jan 2002: pp 117-126, doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2002)128:1(117).

Martin, V. T. Fisher, R. Millar, and M. Quick (2002), ADV Data Analysis for Turbulent Flows: Low Correlation Problem. Hydraulic Measurements and Experimental Methods 2002: pp 1-10. doi: 10.1061/40655(2002)101.

Sontek, 2001. SonTek/YSI ADV Field/Hydra Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (Field) Technical Documentation

Sontek, 1997. Pulse Coherent Doppler Processing and the ADV Correlation Coefficient, Technical Notes.

Contact Information:
Jay Choi
jchoi@usgs.gov

b. File Name "Continuous Flow Velocity.xlsx" (zipped, 25 MB) or "Continuous Flow Velocity.csv" (zipped, 5 MB), contain the following worksheets
>> Metadata
>> C1R-ADV
>> C1S-ADV
>> C2S-ADV
>> Z51_USGSR-ADV
>> Z51_USGSS-ADV
>> RS1UR-Vectrino
>> RS1US-Vectrino
>> RS1DR-ADV
>> RS1DS-ADV
>> RS2R-ADV
>> RS2S-ADV
>> S1-ADV
>> UB1-ADV
>> UB2-ADV
>> UB3-ADV
>> UB3-Vectrino
>> DB1-ADV
>> DB2-ADV
>> DB3-ADV
>> MB0-XR
>> MB1-XR
>> MB2-XR

Metadata Worksheet – Continuous Flow Velocity

"Continuous Flow Velocity.xlsx" is an excel workbook presenting data as a part of the data release. High-Flow Field Experiments to Inform Everglades Restoration: Experimental Data 2010 to 2016

Data were collected by USGS for USACE project "CERP: Testing and Monitoring for the Physical Model for Water Conservation Area 3 Decompartmentalization and Sheet Flow Enhancement Project", MIPR W32CS510826251 This file contains data collected from research areas known as the Decompartmentalization Physical Model (DPM) and WCA-3A and WCA-3B, Everglades, FL

Datum: WGS84
Site ID Latitude Longitude
S152 25.8640740 -80.6208520
C1 25.8688503 -80.6107030
C2 25.8327940 -80.6351380
Z51_USGS 25.8629310 -80.6206310
Z51 25.8626030 -80.6201250
RS1D 25.8600655 -80.6204093
RS1U 25.8603442 -80.6203967
RS1SE 25.8603150 -80.6190730
Z53B 25.8585970 -80.6199950
Z53NE_2014 25.8581190 -80.6191020
Z53NE_2015 25.8596600 -80.6178700
RS2 25.8513699 -80.6221905
S1 25.8511939 -80.6170715
UB1 25.8438739 -80.6159930
UB2 25.8407041 -80.6175268
UB3 25.8376759 -80.6199131
MB0 25.8436000 -80.6142100
MB1 25.8425860 -80.6149720
MB2 25.8399780 -80.6169440
MB3 25.8366690 -80.6194060
DB1 25.8415550 -80.6138860
DB2 25.8391270 -80.6156970
DB3 25.8368580 -80.6174220

This worksheet tab, "ADV and Vectrino Metadata," provides a summary of the data collection methods specific to the Sontek ADV and Nortek Vectrino equipment, and defines all related variables. In the subsequent spreadsheet, "XR Metadata," is a summary of the data collection methods specific to the Sontek XR equipment, and definitions of all related variables. In the spreadsheets "C1R-ADV" and "C1S-ADV" are ADV data for C1 Ridge and C1 Slough. In the spreadsheet "C2S-ADV" are ADV data for C2 Slough. In the spreadsheets "Z51_USGSR-ADV" and "Z51_USGSS-ADV" are ADV data for Z51_USGS Ridge and Z51_USGS Slough. In the spreadsheets "RS1UR-Vectrino," "RS1US-Vectrino," "RS1DR-ADV," and "RS1DS-ADV" are Vectrino data for RS1U ridge, Vectrino data for RS1U slough, ADV data for RS1D ridge and ADV data for RS1D slough (respectively). In the spreadsheets "RS2R-ADV" and "RS2S-ADV" are ADV data for RS2 ridge and RS2 slough. In the spreadsheet "S1-ADV" are ADV data for S1. In the spreadsheets "UB1-ADV," "UB2-ADV," "UB3-ADV" and "UB3-Vectrino" are ADV data for UB1, ADV data for UB2, ADV data for UB3 and Vectrino data for UB3 (respectively). In the spreadsheets "DB1-ADV," DB2-ADV" and "DB3-ADV" are ADV data for DB1, DB2 and DB3 (respectively). In the spreadsheets "MB0-XR," "MB1-XR" and "MB2-XR"are main cell XR data for MB0, main cell XR data for MB1 and main cells XR data for MB2 (respectively).

Velocity Continuous Data Collection Methods: Velocity was measured at the midpoint of the water column at a frequency of 10 Hz. Data were recorded in one minute bursts (600 samples) collected every 15 minutes to save battery power. Datasets were filtered and edited according to standard criteria suggested by the manufacturer (SonTek, 2001) as well as specific criteria developed and refined in a prior Everglades study (Riscassi and Schaffranek, 2002). Samples had to pass a 40% minimum correlation filter with at least 70% of samples within a burst being retained (Martin et al., 2002). Data with acoustic signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 5 dB or less was discarded. The ADVs and Vectrinos were deployed such that the positive x-velocity direction was oriented to the direction of magnetic north and positive y-velocity direction points west. A phase space threshold despiking algorithm (Goring and Nikora, 2002) was applied to ADV and Vectrino data.

XR Data Collection Methods: The argonaut XR is installed on the floor and in the center of the canal in an up-looking configuration and samples vertical profiles of flow speed and direction. Velocity data are collected for a 120 second interval every 900 seconds. The size of the main cell is determined in the field from the surface water depth. The number of individual cells is determined in the field based off surface water depth.

Data Columns from Sontek ADV:

ADV data are presented as daily averaged values with standard deviation for speed and direction.

Year Year (yyyy)
Month Month (mm)
Day Day (dd)
V-x (N) (cm/s) Velocity in the x direction (north)
V-y (W) (cm/s) Velocity in the y direction (west)
V-z (Up) (cm/s) Velocity in the z direction (up)
Speed (cm/s) Speed is found through the calculation: Speed = sqrt(vx^2 + vy^2)
StdDev Speed Standard deviation of speed
Direction (degrees) Direction of velocity vector in degrees
tdDev Dir Standard deviation of the direction

Data Columns from Nortek Vectrino:

RS1UR Vectrino data were collected from 11/3/2014 to 11/6/2014
RS1US Vectrino data were collected from 11/3/2014 to 11/6/2014
UB3 Vectrino data were collected from 11/6/2014 to 11/7/2014
The Vectrino has four beams, and collected velocity data in four directions
Beam 1 is the x-direction
Beam 2 is the y-direction
Beam 3 is the z-direction
Beam 4 is the z2-direction

Time (s) Time in seconds starting at 0
V-x (m/s) Velocity data in the x direction in m/s (beam 1)
V-y (m/s) Velocity data in the y direction in m/s (beam 2)
V-z (m/s) Velocity data in the z direction in m/s (beam 3)
V-z2 (m/s) Velocity data in the z2 direction in m/s (beam 4)
Amplitude of Beam 1 (counts) The amplitude of Beam 1 measured in counts
Amplitude of Beam 2 (counts) The amplitude of Beam 2 measured in counts
Amplitude of Beam 3 (counts) The amplitude of Beam 3 measured in counts
Amplitude of Beam 4 (counts) The amplitude of Beam 4 measured in counts
SNR of Beam 1 (dB) The Signal to Noise Ratio in dB of Beam 1
SNR of Beam 2 (dB) The Signal to Noise Ratio in dB of Beam 2
SNR of Beam 3 (dB) The Signal to Noise Ratio in dB of Beam 3
SNR of Beam 4 (dB) The Signal to Noise Ratio in dB of Beam 4
Correlation of Beam 1 (%) Correlation of Beam 1 as a percentage
Correlation of Beam 2 (%) Correlation of Beam 2 as a percentage
Correlation of Beam 3 (%) Correlation of Beam 3 as a percentage
Correlation of Beam 4 (%) Correlation of Beam 4 as a percentage

XR Main Cell Data Columns:

All data described below are daily averaged values.

Year Year of collection
Month Month of collection
Day Day of collection
VelocityE Velocity (cm/sec) in x/E direction
VelocityN Velocity (cm/sec) in y/N direction
VelocityU Velocity (cm/sec) in z/U direction
StdError1 Standard error of beam 1
StdError2 Standard error of beam 2
StdError3 Standard error of beam 3
SNR1 Signal to noise ratio of beam 1
SNR2 Signal to noise ratio of beam 2
SNR3 Signal to noise ratio of beam 3
SignalAmp1 Signal amplitude of beam 1
SignalAmp2 Signal amplitude of beam 2
SignalAmp3 Signal amplitude of beam 3
Noise1 Noise beam 1
Noise2 Noise beam 2
Noise3 Noise beam 3
IceDetection Indicator of ice coverage
Heading Magnetic heading
Pitch Rotation about the y-axis
Roll Rotation about the x-axis
StdDevHeading Standard deviation of the heading
StdDevPitch Standard deviation of the pitch
StdDevRoll Standard deviation of the roll
Temperature Temperature degrees C
Pressure Pressure in Bars
StdDevPressure Standard deviation of the pressure
Voltage Battery Voltage
CellBegin Distance from the sensor that the main cell begins
CellEnd Distance from the sensor that the main cell ends
Speed Magnitude of horizontal velocity vector (cm/sec)
Direction Angle (degree in clockwise) from North

Martin, V. T. Fisher, R. Millar, and M. Quick (2002), ADV Data Analysis for Turbulent Flows: Low Correlation Problem. Hydraulic Measurements and Experimental Methods 2002: pp 1-10. doi: 10.1061/40655(2002)101.

Ricassi, A.L., and Schaffranek, R.W., 2002, Flow velocity, water temperature, and conductivity in Shark River Slough, Everglades National Park, Florida, July 1999-August 2001: US Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-159, 32 p.

Sontek, 2001. SonTek/YSI ADV Field/Hydra Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (Field) Technical Documentation

Sontek, 1997. Pulse Coherent Doppler Processing and the ADV Correlation Coefficient, Technical Notes.

Contact Information:
Jay Choi
jchoi@usgs.gov


D. Suspended Particle Sizes and Concentrations: Discrete measurements of suspended sediment and total phosphorus concentration, load and flux.

File Name: "Suspended Particle Sizes and Concentrations.xlsx” (zipped, 377 KB) or "Suspended Particle Sizes and Concentrations.csv” (zipped, 54 KB), contains the following worksheets
>>Metadata
>>SSC Discrete
>>SSC Depth Average
>>SSC Interval Load&Flux
>>SSC D-Avg Load&Flux
>>P Discrete
>>P Depth Average
>>P Interval Load&Flux
>>P D-Avg Load&Flux

Metadata Worksheet – Suspended Particle Sizes

"Suspended Particle Sizes and Concentrations.xlsx" is an excel workbook presenting data as a part of the data release. High-Flow Field Experiments to Inform Everglades Restoration: Experimental Data 2010 to 2016

Data were collected by USGS for USACE project "CERP: Testing and Monitoring for the Physical Model for Water Conservation Area 3 Decompartmentalization and Sheet Flow Enhancement Project", MIPR W32CS510826251 This file contains data collected from research areas known as the Decompartmentalization Physical Model (DPM) and WCA-3A and WCA-3B, Everglades, FL

Datum: WGS84
Site ID Latitude Longitude
S152 25.8640740 -80.6208520
C1 25.8688503 -80.6107030
C2 25.8327940 -80.6351380
Z51_USGS 25.8629310 -80.6206310
Z51 25.8626030 -80.6201250
RS1D 25.8600655 -80.6204093
RS1U 25.8603442 -80.6203967
RS1SE 25.8603150 -80.6190730
Z53B 25.8585970 -80.6199950
Z53NE_2014 25.8581190 -80.6191020
Z53NE_2015 25.8596600 -80.6178700
RS2 25.8513699 -80.6221905
S1 25.8511939 -80.6170715
UB1 25.8438739 -80.6159930
UB2 25.8407041 -80.6175268
UB3 25.8376759 -80.6199131
MB0 25.8436000 -80.6142100
MB1 25.8425860 -80.6149720
MB2 25.8399780 -80.6169440
MB3 25.8366690 -80.6194060
DB1 25.8415550 -80.6138860
DB2 25.8391270 -80.6156970
DB3 25.8368580 -80.6174220

This worksheet tab, "Metadata," provides a summary of the data collection methods, defines all related variables and provides supporting calculations. The subsequent spreadsheet, "SSC Discrete," includes discrete suspended sediment concentrations and particle size data for all sites over the entire study period. The spreadsheet "SSC Depth Average" includes depth-averaged suspended sediment concentrations and particle size data for all sites over the entire study period. The spreadsheet "SSC Interval Load&Flux" includes suspended sediment concentrations, particle size data, velocity data and suspended sediment load and flux results for all sites over the entire study period. The spreadsheet "SSC D-Avg Load&Flux" includes depth-averaged suspended sediment concentrations, depth-averaged particle size data, depth-averaged velocity data and depth-averaged suspended sediment load and flux results for all sites over the entire study period. The spreadsheet "P Discrete" includes discrete phosphorus concentrations for all sites over the entire study period. The spreadsheet "P Depth Average" includes depth-averaged phosphorus concentrations for all sites over the entire study period. The spreadsheet "P Interval Load&Flux" includes phosphorus concentrations, velocity data and phosphorus load and flux results for all sites over the entire study period. The spreadsheet "P D-Avg Load&Flux" includes depth-averaged phosphorus concentrations, depth-averaged velocity data and depth-averaged phosphorus load and flux results for all sites over the entire study period.

Data Collection Methods: Suspended sediment and phosphorus samples were collected using peristaltic pumps at a rate of 60mL/min and filtered through a 500 micron Nitex screen. 2 liter samples were collected for SSC analysis, 250 mL samples were run on the LISST portable to obtain grainsize data and 60mL were collected for phosphorus analysis. Phosphorus analysis was done by the South Florida Water Management District Lab. Suspended sediment concentrations were found by measuring the exact volume before filtering the suspended sediment sample via vacuum filtration. The pre-weight of the filter was compared to the weight after the suspended sediment sample had been run through it, to find the mass of sediment. Mass of sediment and volume of sample were used to calculate suspended sediment concentration. By examining concentrations, velocities and water depths, load and flux values could be calculated. Calculations are included in the following data column descriptions.

SSC (suspended sediment concentration) Data Columns:
Sample
2013 Sample Naming Convention Sample naming convention: RS1U-RR_L = "Site" - "Sampling location"_"Sample Depth"
RS1U-ridge designates a vertical profile of low (L), mid (M) and upper (U) sampling locations.
RS1U-slough designates a vertical profile of low (L), mid (M) and upper (U) sampling locations.
"RR" indicates the ridge end of the transect, "R" indicates ridge characteristics, "S" indicates slough, "SS" indicates the slough end of the transect and "T" indicates transition.
"dup" indicates duplicate samples taken at a the same time and location as the primary sample (for error calculation purposes).
"M" indicates a sample taken in the middle of the water column, "L" indicates a sample collected approximately 5cm above the floc and "U" indicates 5cm below the water surface.
"grab" refers to a sample that was collected without pumping, and instead was scooped from the water using a nalgene bottle.
2014 Sample Naming Convention Sample naming convention: T1-RS1D-2-RM = "Time of Sample" - "Site" - "Sample Number" - "Sampling location" "Sample Depth"
R = Ridge, S = Slough
Time of Sample:
Pre Pre-Flow Release (before November 5th 2014)
T1 Transition 1 (Nov 4th 9:43 to Nov 5th 9:43)
T2 Transition 2 (Nov 5th 9:43 to Nov 6th 9:43)
Samples without a time (or with a month) were taken during Steady Flow conditions (steady flow begins after Nov 6th, 9:43)
For ridge/slough locations, R designates ridge and S designates slough
Sample Depth is either "M" for middle of the water column, or "L" for lower water column (5cm above the surface of the floc)
Upper water column sampling points were not collected for flow release 2014
For RS1U:
Sampling locations: RS1U = A-H
B, C, D, E, F, and G are the lower (Near bed) sampling points along the transect; A and H are the middle of the water column sampling points; see figure 3 for reference
RS1U-ridge designates vertical profile of A and B sampling locations
RS1U-slough designates vertical profile of H and G sampling locations
RS1U: A = RR_M, B = RR_L, C = R_L, D = RT_L, E = ST_L, F = S_L, G = SS_L, H = SS_M (Sampling location: L - Lower, M - Middle)
Duplicate samples ("dup") were taken for error analysis in March 2015 for sites RS1U-R, RS1U-S, UB2 and DB2.
2015 Sample Naming Convention Sample Naming
R = Ridge, S = Slough
M = Mid location in the water column, L = Low location in the water column (approximately 5cm above the bed).
Time of Sample:
PRE Pre-Flow Release (before November 16th 2015)
T T stands for "transient flow" defined as when the system is rapidly changing. "Transient flow" begins the moment right before the culvert opening, and ends when a steady-state condition is reached.
T1 Pulse 1 (Nov 16th 9:40)
T2 Pulse 2 (Nov 19th 9:40)
T2-1 At Z51_USGS an extra sampling round was added at 9:40 on the 16th and at 9:43 on the 19th (T2-X)
T1-X Round 1 sample collected for the Pulse 2 event.
DEC Samples collected in December, 2015
JAN Samples collected in January, 2016
MAR Samples collected in March, 2016
Example Name:
T1-4-Z51_USGS-SL
Example Meaning:
Pulse 1, Round 4, Site Z51_USGS, Slough, Low sampling location in the water column.
Duplicate samples ("dup") were taken for error analysis in March 2016 for sites RS1D-R, RS1D-S, UB2 and DB2.
 
Date/Time The date and time at which the sampling event occurred.
Flow Release 2013 Name used to describe the opening of the culvert at L67-A. The zero flow release date and time used is 11052013 @ 09:40.
Flow Release 2014 Name used to describe the opening of the culvert at L67-A. The zero flow release date and time used is 11042014 @ 09:43.
Flow Release 2015 Pulse 1 Name used to describe the opening of the culvert at L67-A. The zero flow release date and time used is 11162015 @ 09:40.
Flow Release 2015 Pulse 2 Name used to describe the opening of the culvert at L67-A. The zero flow release date and time used is 11192015 @ 09:40.
Distance from Floc (cm) Measured distance from floc boundary on day of sampler installation.
Water Depth (cm) Measured value or calculated from available depth to floc, staff gage and down to water measurement data.
Sediment mass (g) Calculated sediment mass ((filter mass + sediment mass) - filter mass)
Volume (mL) Measured volume of collected SSC sample
Sediment Concentration (µg/L) Calculated sediment concentration ((sediment mass)/(volume)) and units converted from g/mL to µg/L (result * 1000000000)
Depth Average SSC (µg/L) Weighted average of samples in a vertical profile. (ex. (((SSC_1) x (water column interval_1) + (SSC_2) x (water column interval_2) + (SSC_3) x (water column interval_3))/(total water depth))
Locations with 1 sampling point intervals were not depth-averaged.
Water Column Interval (cm) Calculated vertical water column length from which a specific sample was collected (ex. RS1U-A interval is the distance from the sample to the floc + half the distance from the sample to the RS1U-B sampling point. The RS1U-B interval is half the distance from B to A + half the distance from B to C. RS1U-C is the half the distance from C to B + the distance from the sample to the water surface).
Mass Weighted Particle Size Calculation: 29.3138 *(Volume Concentration in a specific Bin)^-1.1235, Bins are cumulatively summed to determine statistical particle size fractions of D10, D50, D60 and D90; Density calculations from Larsen et al, 2009a
D50 (µm) Median mass weighted size of suspended particles in a specific sample (collected by running an aliquot of a sample through the LISST portable)
Depth Average D50 (µm) Weighted average of mass weighted D50 values from the LISST portable. (ex. (((D50_1) x (water column interval_1) + (D50_2) x (water column interval_2) + (D50_3) x (water column interval_3))/(total water depth))
D60/D10 Mass weighted particle size uniformity coefficient of suspended sediment in a specific sample (collected by running an aliquot of a sample through the LISST portable)
Depth Average D60/D10 Weighted average of mass D60/D10 values from the LISST portable. (ex. (((D60/D10_1) x (water column interval_1) + (D60/D10_2) x (water column interval_2) + (D60/D10_3) x (water column interval_3))/(total water depth))
In this file and in the report particle sizes are displayed as mass weighted values.
Lower Sampling location positioned 5cm from the floc surface on the day of sampler installation. Also referred to as 'Near bed'
Middle Sampling location positioned in the center of the water column on the day of sampler installation.
Upper Sampling location positioned 5cm from the water surface on the day of sampler installation.
Ridge Vegetation community primarily containing Cladium jamaciense (sawgrass). This zone tends to have the shallowest water depth.
Transition Vegetation community containing a mixture of Cladium jamaciense (sawgrass) and Eleocharis elongata. This zone tends to have medium water depth.
Slough Vegetation community primarily containing Eleocharis elongata. This zone tends to have the deepest water depth.
Load and Flux Data Set:
Vx(cm/s) Burst-averaged velocity in x/E direction
Vy(cm/s) Burst-averaged velocity in y/N direction
Water column interval velocity (cm/s) Velocity averaged across specific water column interval
Vx_depth avg (cm/s) Total depth averaged burst-averaged velocity in x/E direction
Vy_depth avg (cm/s) Total depth averaged burst-averaged velocity in y/N direction
Water column average velocity (cm/s) Total depth-averaged velocity in sampled water column
SSC Flux_U (µg/cm2*s) SSC flux in upper water column interval (SSC * Interval velocity)
SSC Flux_M (µg/cm2*s) SSC flux in middle water column interval (SSC * Interval velocity)
SSC Flux_L (µg/cm2*s) SSC flux in lower water column interval (SSC * Interval velocity)
SSC Total Flux (µg/cm2*s) Total SSC flux in sampled water column ((Depth-average SSC)*(water column average velocity))
SSC Loading_U (µg/cm*s) SSC load in upper water column interval (SSC * Interval velocity * Water column interval)
SSC Loading_M (µg/cm*s) SSC load in middle water column interval (SSC * Interval velocity * Water column interval)
SSC Loading_L (µg/cm*s) SSC load in lower water column interval (SSC * Interval velocity * Water column interval)
SSC Total Loading (µg/cm*s) Total SSC load in sampled water column ((Depth-average SSC)*(total depth speed))
P Flux_U (mg/cm2*s) Phosphorus flux in upper water column interval (P Concentration * Interval velocity)
P Flux_M (mg/cm2*s) Phosphorus flux in middle water column interval (P Concentration * Interval velocity)
P Flux_L (mg/cm2*s) Phosphorus flux in lower water column interval (P Concentration * Interval velocity)
P Total Flux (mg/cm2*s) Total Phosphorus flux in sampled water column ((Depth-average P Concentration)*(total depth speed))
P Loading_U (mg/cm*s) Phosphorus load in upper water column interval (P Concentration * Interval velocity * Water column interval)
P Loading_M (mg/cm*s) Phosphorus load in middle water column interval (P Concentration * Interval velocity * Water column interval)
P Loading_L (mg/cm*s) Phosphorus load in lower water column interval (P Concentration * Interval velocity * Water column interval)
P Total Load (mg/cm*s) Total Phosphorus load in sampled water column ((Depth-average P Concentration)*(total depth speed))

Contact Information:
Jay Choi
jchoi@usgs.gov


E. Biogeochemical Sampling: Discrete measurements of phosphorus fractionation, nitrogen and ash free dry weight from samples of floc, metaphyton and water column.

File Name: "Biogeochemical Sampling.xlsx” (zipped, 120 KB) or "Biogeochemical Sampling.csv” (zipped, 16 KB), contains the following worksheets
>>Metadata
>>Floc
>>Metaphyton
>>Water Column

Metadata Worksheet – Biogeochemical Sampling

"Biogeochemical Sampling.xlsx" is an excel workbook presenting data as a part of the data release. High-Flow Field Experiments to Inform Everglades Restoration: Experimental Data 2010 to 2016

Data were collected by USGS for USACE project "CERP: Testing and Monitoring for the Physical Model for Water Conservation Area 3 Decompartmentalization and Sheet Flow Enhancement Project", MIPR W32CS510826251 This file contains data collected from research areas known as the Decompartmentalization Physical Model (DPM) and WCA-3A and WCA-3B, Everglades, FL

Datum: WGS84
Site ID Latitude Longitude
S152 25.8640740 -80.6208520
C1 25.8688503 -80.6107030
C2 25.8327940 -80.6351380
Z51_USGS 25.8629310 -80.6206310
Z51 25.8626030 -80.6201250
RS1D 25.8600655 -80.6204093
RS1U 25.8603442 -80.6203967
RS1SE 25.8603150 -80.6190730
Z53B 25.8585970 -80.6199950
Z53NE_2014 25.8581190 -80.6191020
Z53NE_2015 25.8596600 -80.6178700
RS2 25.8513699 -80.6221905
S1 25.8511939 -80.6170715
UB1 25.8438739 -80.6159930
UB2 25.8407041 -80.6175268
UB3 25.8376759 -80.6199131
MB0 25.8436000 -80.6142100
MB1 25.8425860 -80.6149720
MB2 25.8399780 -80.6169440
MB3 25.8366690 -80.6194060
DB1 25.8415550 -80.6138860
DB2 25.8391270 -80.6156970
DB3 25.8368580 -80.6174220

This worksheet tab, "Metadata," provides a summary of the data collection methods, defines all related variables and provides supporting calculations. The subsequent spreadsheet, "Floc," includes all biogeochemistry data and phosphorus fractionation for the floc samples collected throughout the entire study period. The spreadsheet, "Metaphyton," includes all biogeochemistry data and phosphorus fractionation for the metaphyton samples collected throughout the entire study period. The spreadsheet, "Water Column," includes all biogeochemistry data and phosphorus fractionation for the water column samples collected throughout the entire study period.

Data Collection and Lab Analysis Methods: Samples of floc, metaphyton and water column were collected at sites S152 (water column only), C1R, C1S, C2R, C2S, Z51_USGSR, Z51_USGSS, RS1DR, RSDS, RS2R, RS2S, RS1SER, S1, UB1, UB2, UB3, DB1, DB2 and DB3 for biogeochemical analysis. Floc was collected by taking a core sample, allowing the floc material to settle, decanting the water, and then pouring out the floc into a 125mL Nalgene bottle. Metaphyton samples were obtained by using a wet/dry vacuum to collect epiphyton from vegetation stems at mid-water depth, allowing the sample to settle, and decanting the excess water. Water column samples were collected at mid-water depth using a peristaltic pump. Metaphyton and water column samples were filtered through a 500 micron Nitex prior to particle size and biogeochemical analysis. Floc samples were filtered through a 500 micron filter prior to particle size analysis. Samples in 2010 and 2011 were analyzed by DB Environmental. Samples in 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 analyzed by the Wetland Biogeochemistry Laboratory at the University of Florida.

Parameters Methods
TP Ashing WBL SP-008,SM4500P F
Total Nitrogen WBL AN-10
Total Carbon WBL AN-10

All soil, sediment, and plant data calculated based on dry weight. All particle size measurements analyzed in the field by project personnel using a LISST-Portable.

Data Columns:
Site Site name: Refers to the platform name within the DPM footprint
RIDGE Vegetation community primarily containing Cladium jamaciense (sawgrass). This zone tends to have the shallowest water depth.
SLOUGH Vegetation community primarily containing Eleocharis elongata. This zone tends to have the deepest water depth.
DRYWT (g) Dry weight of the sample in g, after drying in a drying oven/td>
AFDW (%) or LOI (%, starting 2012) For the 2010-2011 data, ash-free dry weight (mass percent), for data starting in 2012, loss on ignition (mass percent)
TPP (mg/kg) Total particulate phosphorus (mg/kg sample collected)
Labile P (mg/kg) Labile phosphorus (mg/kg sample collected), defined as the phosphorus removed through extraction with NaHCO3
Microbial P (mg/kg) Microbial phosphorus (mg/kg sample collected), defined as the phosphorus removed through extraction with NaHCO3 + chloroform, minus the labile phosphorus fraction
TPN (g/kg) Total particulate nitrogen (g/kg sample collected)
TPC (g/kg) Total particulate carbon (g/kg sample collected)
Refractory P (mg/kg) Refractory phosphorus (mg/kg sample collected), calculated by subtracting labile and microbial phosphorus fractions from total phosphorus
Labile P Labile phosphorus, expressed as a fraction of total phosphorus
Microbial P Microbial phosphorus, expressed as a fraction of total phosphorus
Refractory P Refractory phosphorus, expressed as a fraction of total phosphorus
TPN/TPP Total particulate nitrogen to total particulate phosphorus ratio
Mass-Weighted Mean size, µm Mass-weighted mean particle size, determined by multiplying the mass fraction of material in each LISST-Portable size class bin by the bin centroid. Masses are calculated from the volumetric information provided by the LISST-Portable by multiplying by density, calculated from previous settling column experiments
Mass concentration (mg/L) Mass concentration of suspended material found by multiplying the total volume concentration of particles by their estimated density distribution (found through previous experiments on Everglades particle samples)

Contact Information
Jay Choi
jchoi@usgs.gov


F. Vegetation Influence on Sheet Flow: Discrete measurements of vegetative frontal area and dimensional volume.

File Name: "Vegetation Influence on Sheet Flow.xlsx” (zipped, 65 KB) or "Vegetation Influence on Sheet Flow.csv” (zipped, 8 KB), contains the following worksheets
>>Metadata
>>2010 with epi
>>2010 no epi
>>2011 with epi
>>2012 with epi
>>2013 with epi
>>2014 with epi

Metadata Worksheet – Vegetation Influence on Sheet Flow

"Vegetation Influence on Sheet Flow.xlsx" is an excel workbook presenting data as a part of the data release. High-Flow Field Experiments to Inform Everglades Restoration: Experimental Data 2010 to 2016

Data were collected by USGS for USACE project "CERP: Testing and Monitoring for the Physical Model for Water Conservation Area 3 Decompartmentalization and Sheet Flow Enhancement Project", MIPR W32CS510826251 This file contains data collected from research areas known as the Decompartmentalization Physical Model (DPM) and WCA-3A and WCA-3B, Everglades, FL

Datum: WGS84
Site ID Latitude Longitude
S152 25.8640740 -80.6208520
C1 25.8688503 -80.6107030
C2 25.8327940 -80.6351380
Z51_USGS 25.8629310 -80.6206310
Z51 25.8626030 -80.6201250
RS1D 25.8600655 -80.6204093
RS1U 25.8603442 -80.6203967
RS1SE 25.8603150 -80.6190730
Z53B 25.8585970 -80.6199950
Z53NE_2014 25.8581190 -80.6191020
Z53NE_2015 25.8596600 -80.6178700
RS2 25.8513699 -80.6221905
S1 25.8511939 -80.6170715
UB1 25.8438739 -80.6159930
UB2 25.8407041 -80.6175268
UB3 25.8376759 -80.6199131
MB0 25.8436000 -80.6142100
MB1 25.8425860 -80.6149720
MB2 25.8399780 -80.6169440
MB3 25.8366690 -80.6194060
DB1 25.8415550 -80.6138860
DB2 25.8391270 -80.6156970
DB3 25.8368580 -80.6174220

This worksheet tab, "Metadata," provides a summary of the data collection methods and defines all related variables. The subsequent spreadsheet, "2010 with epi," includes data from vegetation samples collected in 2010 that included epiphyton. The spreadsheet, "2010 no epi," includes data from vegetation samples collected in 2010 with the epiphyton removed. The spreadsheets "2011 with epi," "2012 with epi," "2013 with epi" and "2014 with epi" contain data from vegetation samples collected in 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 (respectively) that included epiphyton.

Data Collection and Measurement Methods: Vegetation was harvested within a 0.25 m^2 area that was positioned at ridge, slough and transition sites using a stratified random sampling scheme. Once the quadrats were positioned, the vegetation above the water surface was clipped, and below the water surface the vegetation was sampled in 10cm increments (2010-2012) and 15cm increments (2013-2014). Vegetative data refer to only stems and leaves greater than 15cm in length with epiphyton collected in September and November of 2010, November 2011, November 2012, August 2013 and August 2014. Both live and dead materials were included. Measurements are integrated values for depth increments above floc-surface (0 cm) to water-surface. Above-water measurements were recorded at a height equal to 0.5 * average stem length above water-surface.

Data are processed including and excluding floating epiphyton matter (with epi and no epi). Site codes R, S, and T denote vegetative community: ‘R’ - ridge, ‘T’ – ridge/slough transition, and ‘S’ – slough. Site codes ADV and LAI denote proximity to an autonomous ADV deployment or where PAR measurements were taken to get leaf area index respectively. Raw data were sorted based on three levels in descending order: Site > Lower Depth > Species Calculations were made to obtain values for each site > depth > species sub-category that exists in the data set.


n: number of stems per unit area (cm-1)
average stem/leaf diameter (mm): an average of all values weighted by n
average diam1 (mm): an average of all values weighted by n
average diam2 (mm): an average of all values weighted by n
Frontal area (cm-1): calculated using n value and average stem/leaf diameter previously determined.

Formula: a = n*(daxis1 + daxis2)/2.
a Projected frontal area per unit volume (cm-1).
n Number of stems per unit area (cm-1).
daxis1 Average stem diameter of axis 1 (cm).
daxis2 Average stem diameter of axis 2 (cm).

Dimensional volume (fraction): calculated either using the triangle model for sawgrass or the ellipse model for everything else. Calculated using the n value, average diam1 and average diam2 previously determined.

Formula (sawgrass only): V = daxis1 * daxis2 * (1/2) * n
Formula (all other species): V = pi * daxis1 * daxis2 * (1/4) * n
V Dimensional volume per unit volume

Categories were further consolidated to obtain values for each site and depth sub-category that exists in the data set. Categories were further consolidated to obtain summed values for each site that exists in the data set (values represent a sum of depth increments in quadrat). Categories were again consolidated to obtain averaged values for each site that exists in the data set (values represent an average of depth increments in quadrat).
vegetative community dominant species in descending order
Ridge (R) Cladium jamaciense Typha latifolia Crinum americanum
Transition (T) Cladium jamaciense Eleocharis elongata Eleocharis cellulosa
Slough (S) Eleocharis elongata Eleocharis cellulosa Nymphaea odorata

Data Columns:
Site Location with indication of type of community
Collection Date Collection date
Canopy Height (cm) Distance in cm down to the peat
Water Surface Depth of the water surface to the peat
Stem Diameter (cm) Lab measured diameter of the vegetation
Vegetative Frontal Area (cm^2) Lab measured frontal area of the vegetation
Dimensional Volume (fraction of bulk volume) Calculated volume from dimensional lab measurements

Contact Information:
Jay Choi
jchoi@usgs.gov


G. Water Quality Monitoring: Turbidity and specific conductivity measurements collected continuously using YSI Sondes.

File Name: "Water Quality Monitoring.xlsx” (zipped, 600 KB) or "Water Quality Monitoring.csv” (zipped, 88 KB), contains the following worksheets
>>Metadata
>>2013
>>2014
>>2015

Metadata Worksheet – Water Quality Monitoring

"Water Quality Monitoring.xlsx" is an excel workbook presenting data as a part of the data release. High-Flow Field Experiments to Inform Everglades Restoration: Experimental Data 2010 to 2016

Data were collected by USGS for USACE project "CERP: Testing and Monitoring for the Physical Model for Water Conservation Area 3 Decompartmentalization and Sheet Flow Enhancement Project", MIPR W32CS510826251 This file contains data collected from research areas known as the Decompartmentalization Physical Model (DPM) and WCA-3A and WCA-3B, Everglades, FL

Datum: WGS84
Site ID Latitude Longitude
S152 25.8640740 -80.6208520
C1 25.8688503 -80.6107030
C2 25.8327940 -80.6351380
Z51_USGS 25.8629310 -80.6206310
Z51 25.8626030 -80.6201250
RS1D 25.8600655 -80.6204093
RS1U 25.8603442 -80.6203967
RS1SE 25.8603150 -80.6190730
Z53B 25.8585970 -80.6199950
Z53NE_2014 25.8581190 -80.6191020
Z53NE_2015 25.8596600 -80.6178700
RS2 25.8513699 -80.6221905
S1 25.8511939 -80.6170715
UB1 25.8438739 -80.6159930
UB2 25.8407041 -80.6175268
UB3 25.8376759 -80.6199131
MB0 25.8436000 -80.6142100
MB1 25.8425860 -80.6149720
MB2 25.8399780 -80.6169440
MB3 25.8366690 -80.6194060
DB1 25.8415550 -80.6138860
DB2 25.8391270 -80.6156970
DB3 25.8368580 -80.6174220
Eden 8 25.8700000 -80.6800000
Site 69 25.9100000 -80.5900000

This worksheet tab, "Metadata," provides a summary of the data collection methods and defines all related variables. The spreadsheet, "2013," includes water quality data collected during the 2013 flow release across the study area. The spreadsheet, "2014," includes water quality data collected during the 2014 flow release across the study area. The spreadsheet, "2015," includes water quality data collected during the 2015 flow release across the study area.

Collection Methods: Specific conductivity, turbidity and DO probes were calibrated according to YSI standards in the lab prior to being taken to the field. If the specific conductivity probe was reading inaccurately, a 1-point calibration was performed using a standard of 250 µS/cm. This calibration was checked with 50, 250 and 1000 µS/cm standards. If the turbidity probe was reading inaccurately, a 3-point calibration was performed using 0 (DI water), 100 and 1000 NTU standards. The DO probe was calibrated with a 1-pt calibration using the local barometric pressure and sensor reading at 100% saturation. Probes were checked in Florida tap water one day before installation. After data collection was complete, turbidity values were corrected according to the Florida tap water measurements. Adjustments were also made to compensate for drift in the sensor readings. Sondes were deployed for 7 to over 30 days at a time, depending on the site and time constraints in the field. Measurements were recorded every 5-30 minutes, depending on how long they were deployed for. For longer time periods 30 minute intervals were used to lengthen the battery life. YSI sondes were installed such that the turbidity, SC and DO probes were located at the midpoint of the water column.

Data Columns:
Turbid+ Turbidity (NTU)
SC Specific Conductivity (mS/cm)
DO Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L)

Contact Information:
Jay Choi
jchoi@usgs.gov


H. Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions Detected using Heat as a Tracer: Continuous measurements of temperature along a vertical profile below the peat surface.

File Name: "Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions Detected using Heat as a Tracer.xlsx” (zipped, 7.9 MB) or "Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions Detected using Heat as a Tracer.csv” (zipped, 1.4 MB), contains the following worksheets
>>Metadata
>>UB2_2013
>>UB2_2014
>>UB2_2015
>>RS1D_2013
>>RS1D_2014
>>RS1D_2015
>>S1_2014
>>Z51_USGS_2015

Metadata Worksheet – Groundwater – Surface Water Interactions using Heat as a Tracer

"Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions Detected using Heat as a Tracer.xlsx" is an excel workbook presenting data as a part of the data release. High-Flow Field Experiments to Inform Everglades Restoration: Experimental Data 2010 to 2016

Data were collected by USGS for USACE project "CERP: Testing and Monitoring for the Physical Model for Water Conservation Area 3 Decompartmentalization and Sheet Flow Enhancement Project", MIPR W32CS510826251 This file contains data collected from research areas known as the Decompartmentalization Physical Model (DPM) and WCA-3A and WCA-3B, Everglades, FL

Datum: WGS84
Site ID Latitude Longitude
S152 25.8640740 -80.6208520
C1 25.8688503 -80.6107030
C2 25.8327940 -80.6351380
Z5-1 25.8626030 -80.6201250
RS1D 25.8600655 -80.6204093
RS1U 25.8603442 -80.6203967
RS1-SE 25.8603150 -80.6190730
Z5-3B 25.8585970 -80.6199950
Z5-3NE 25.8581190 -80.6191020
RS2 25.8513699 -80.6221905
S1 25.8511939 -80.6170715
UB1 25.8438739 -80.6159930
UB2 25.8407041 -80.6175268
UB3 25.8376759 -80.6199131
MB0 25.8436000 -80.6142100
MB1 25.8425860 -80.6149720
MB2 25.8399780 -80.6169440
MB3 25.8366690 -80.6194060
DB1 25.8415550 -80.6138860
DB2 25.8391270 -80.6156970
DB3 25.8368580 -80.6174220

This worksheet tab, "Metadata," provides a summary of the data collection methods and defines all related variables. The spreadsheet, "S1_2014," contains temperature data collected at S1 from November 2014 through March 2015. The spreadsheet, "UB2_2013," contains temperature data collected at UB2 from September 2013 to November 2014. The spreadsheet, "UB2_2014," contains temperature data collected at UB2 from November 2014 through March 2015. The spreadsheet, "UB2_2015," contains temperature data collected at UB2 from August 2015 to March 2016. The spreadsheet, "RS1D_2013," contains temperature data collected at RS1D from September 2013 to November 2014. The spreadsheet, "RS1D_2014," contains temperature data collected at RS1D from November 2014 through March 2015. The spreadsheet, "RS1D_2015," contains temperature data collected at RS1D from August 2015 to March 2016. The spreadsheet, "S1_2014," contains temperature data collected at S1 from November 2014 through March 2015. The spreadsheet, "Z51_USGS_2015," contains temperature data collected at Z51_USGS from August 2015 to March 2016.

Temperature Data Collection Methods: Temperature data were measured in degrees Celsius. Traditional piezometers with four temperature sensors were set up at varying depths below the peat. Each piezometer is made of a 0.5m long PVC pipe containing four TMCx Water/Soil temperature sensors connected to a single HOBO U-12-4-channel data logger. HOBO U-12-4-channel data logger has 0.02 resolution and 0.25 accuracy, http://www.onsetcomp.com. Temperature sensors were located at the peat-floc interface (0 cm depth) and three additional depths within the peat sediment. Three configurations were used. Configuration 1 had probes located at 5, 15, and 35cm below the peat. Configuration 2 had probes located at 5, 10, and 15cm below the peat. Configuration 3 varied depending on the location and had a probe located at the floc-surface water interface, floc-peat interace (0cm), half of the peat depth (69-87cm) and as deep as possible given the length of pipe (133-143cm). Temperature data were collected every 10 minutes for a time period spanning September 28, 2013 to March 3, 2016.

Data Columns:
Date Date and time of measurement collection.
Shallow Configuration For August 2015 to March 2016 two configurations were deployed. Shallow refers to configuration 2 (described above).
Deep Configuration For August 2015 to March 2016 two configurations were deployed. Deep refers to configuration 3 (described above).
Air Temperature For August 2015 to March 2016 at Z51_USGS air temperature data were collected using a HOBO temperature pendant.
T1 Temperature in degrees Celsius at the first depth interval.
T2 Temperature in degrees Celsius at the second depth interval.
T3 Temperature in degrees Celsius at the third depth interval.
T4 Temperature in degrees Celsius at the last depth interval.

Contact Information:
Jay Choi
jchoi@usgs.gov

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