| Parameter | Units | Description | Lab | Method | Reference (see full reference below) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry Bulk Density | g dry weight/cm3 | Dry bulk density | SERC | Volumetric/gravimetric | |
| NH4 | µM | Aqueous Ammonium Ion | USGS Reston | Colorimetric, using longer path length fiber optic inserts | |
| Peat Depth | cm | Peat Depth | USGS Reston | Calibrated metal rod pushed to bedrock; measurement at multiple locations in random grid | |
| PO4 | µM | Aqueous Phosphate | USGS Reston, SERC | Colorimetric, using longer path length fiber optic inserts | |
| Porosity | ml/cm3 | Porosity | SERC | ||
| Salinity | ppt | Salinity | USGS Reston, SERC | In situ probe | |
| TDN | mg N/L | Total Dissolved Nitrogen | USGS Boulder | ||
| TDS | mg/L | Total Dissolved Solids | USGS Reston | Electrochemical using Conductivity Probe and Meter | APHA 1992 |
| Total S | µM | Total Sulfur | USGS Boulder, Reston | High Temperature Combustion | Bates et al. 1998, 2001, 2002, 2005 |
| δ34S Sulfate | δ34S | Stable Isotopic Composition of S in Sulfate | USGS Reston | BaSO4 precipitation/vacuum line combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry | Bates et al. 1998, 2001, 2002, 2005 |
| δO18 | δO18 | Stable Isotopic Composition of Oxygen in Sulfate | USGS Reston | BaSO4 precipitation/vacuum line combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry | Bates et al. 2002, Wasserman et al. 1992 |
| Sulfite | µM | Aqueous Sulfite Ion | USGS Reston | HPLC | Bates et al. 2005 |
| Thiosulfate | µM | Aqueous Thiosulfate Ion | USGS Reston | HPLC | Bates et al. 2005 |
| Sulfide | µM | Total Dissolved Sulfide (Sum of H2S, HS- and S2-) | USGS Reston, SERC | Ion selective electrode, samples preserved in fresh anti-oxidant buffer | Brouwer and Murphy, 1994, Standard Methods 4500G |
| MeHg-solid | ng/g dry weight | Methymercury in Solids | SERC | Distillation, ethylation, GC, CVAF or ICP-MS | EPA 1630 (Draft); Mitchell and Gilmour, 2008; DeWild et al. 2004, 2005; Ogorek and DeWild 2011 |
| UNFMeHg | ng/L | Unfiltered methylmercury in aqueous sample | USGS Middleton | Distillation, ethylation, GC, CVAF or ICP-MS | EPA 1630 (Draft); DeWild et al. 2004, 2005; Ogorek and DeWild 2011 |
| FMeHg | ng/L | Filtered Methylmercury | USGS Middleton, SERC | Distillation, ethylation, GC, CVAF or ICP-MS | EPA 1630 (Draft); DeWild et al. 2004, 2005; Mitchell and Gilmour, 2008; Ogorek and DeWild 2011 |
| PMeHg | ng/L | Particulate methylmercury | USGS Middleton | Distillation, ethylation, GC, CVAF or ICP-MS | EPA 1630 (Draft); DeWild et al. 2004, 2005; Mitchell and Gilmour, 2008; Ogorek and DeWild 2011 |
| Br | µM | Aqueous bromide ion | USGS Reston | Ion Chromatography | EPA 300.0A |
| Cl | µM | Aqueous Cloride Ion | USGS Boulder, Reston, SERC | Ion Chromatography | EPA 300.0A |
| F | µM | Aqueous Floride Ion | USGS Reston | Ion Chromatography | EPA 300.0A |
| NO3 | µM | Nitrate Ion | USGS Boulder, Reston, SERC | Ion Chromatography | EPA 300.0A |
| SO4 | µM | Sulfate Ion | USGS Boulder, Reston, SERC | Ion Chromatography | EPA 300.0A |
| THg-solid | ng/g dry weight | Total Mercury in Solids | SERC | OXIDATION/Digestion, PURGE AND TRAP, AND COLD VAPOR ATOMIC FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY or ICP-MS | EPA Method 1631; Mitchell and Gilmour 2008; Olund et al. 2005; Ogorek and Thompson 2010. |
| As | µg/L | Aqueous total arsenic | USGS Reston | ICP-MS | EPA Method 200.8 |
| FTHg | ng/L | Filtered Total Mercury | USGS Middleton, SERC | OXIDATION, PURGE AND TRAP, AND COLD VAPOR ATOMIC FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY or ICP-MS | EPA Method 1631, Rev. E; Ogorek and Thompson 2010. |
| PTHG | ng/L | Particulate total mercury | USGS Middleton | OXIDATION/Digestion, PURGE AND TRAP, AND COLD VAPOR ATOMIC FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY or ICP-MS | EPA Method 1631, Rev. E; Olund et al. 2005; Ogorek and Thompson 2010. |
| UNFTHg | ng/L | Unfiltered total mercury in aqueous sample | USGS Middleton | OXIDATION, PURGE AND TRAP, AND COLD VAPOR ATOMIC FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY or ICP-MS | EPA Method 1631, Rev. E; Ogorek and Thompson 2010. |
| AVS | µmoles/g dry weight | Acid Volatile Sulfide | SERC | Cold-acid (6N HCl) distillation, sulfide trapping in SAOB, detection by selective ion probe | Fossing and Jorgensen 1989, Brouwer and Murphy, 1994, Gilmour et al. 1998 |
| CRS | µmoles/g dry weight | Chromium Reducible Sulfide | SERC | Hot-acid (1M Cr(II) in concentrated HCl) distillation, sulfide trapping in SAOB, detection by selective ion probe | Fossing and Jorgensen 1989, Brouwer and Murphy, 1994, Gilmour et al. 1998 |
| SRR_AVS | nmoles/cm3 h | Sulfate Reduction Rate to Acid Volatile Sulfide | SERC | Incubation of sediments with tracer 35SO4 for 15 min - 8 h depending on temperature | Fossing and Jorgensen 1989, Brouwer and Murphy, 1994, Gilmour et al. 1998 |
| SRR_CRS | nmoles/cm3 h | Sulfate Reduction Rate to Chromium Reducible Sulfide | SERC | Incubation of sediments with tracer 35SO4 for 15 min - 8 h depending on temperature | Fossing and Jorgensen 1989, Brouwer and Murphy, 1994, Gilmour et al. 1998 |
| kmeth | per day | Mercury methylation rate constant | SERC | MeHg production in intact soil cores from an isotope spike | Gilmour et al. 1998; Mitchell and Gilmour 2008 |
| DO | mg/L | Dissolved oxygen | USGS Boulder, Reston, SERC | In situ probe | Lewis 2006, USGS Field Manual |
| Al | µg/L | Aqueous Aluminum | USGS Boulder, Reston | ICP-AES | Lichte et al. 1987, EPA 200.7 |
| B | µg/L | Aqueous Boron | USGS Boulder | ICP-AES | Lichte et al. 1987, EPA 200.7 |
| Ba | µg/L | Aqueous Barium | USGS Boulder, Reston | ICP-AES | Lichte et al. 1987, EPA 200.7 |
| Ca | mg/L | Aqueous Calcium | USGS Boulder, Reston | ICP-AES or ion chromatography | Lichte et al. 1987, EPA 200.7, ASTM 2003 |
| Fe | µM | Dissolved Iron | USGS Boulder, Reston, SERC | AA, ICP-AES or colorimetric | Lichte et al. 1987, EPA 200.7 |
| K | mg/L | Aqueous Potassium | USGS Boulder, Reston | ICP-AES or ion chromatography | Lichte et al. 1987, EPA 200.7, ASTM 2003 |
| Mg | mg/L | Aqueous Magnesium | USGS Boulder, Reston | ICP-AES or ion chromatography | Lichte et al. 1987, EPA 200.7, ASTM 2003 |
| Mn | µg/L | Aqueous Manganese | USGS Boulder, Reston, SERC | ICP-AES | Lichte et al. 1987, EPA 200.7 |
| Na | mg/L | Aqueous Sodium | USGS Boulder, Reston | ICP-AES or ion chromatography | Lichte et al. 1987, EPA 200.7, ASTM 2003 |
| Si | µM | Aqueous Total Silicon | USGS Boulder, Reston | ICP-AES | Lichte et al. 1987, EPA 200.7 |
| Solid-Fe | µg/g dry weight | Iron in solids | SERC | ICP-AES | Lichte et al. 1987, EPA 200.7 |
| Solid-Mn | µg/g dry weight | Manganese in solids | SERC | ICP-AES | Lichte et al. 1987, EPA 200.7 |
| LOI | percent | Loss on ignition | SERC | loss on ignition of dried samples at 550°C for 4h | Mitchell et al. 2008 |
| Redox | mV | Redox (platinum electrode) | USGS Boulder, Reston | ORP electrode in situ | Nordstrom and Wilde 2005. USGS Field Manual. |
| Specific Cond. | µS | Specific Conductivity | USGS Reston | In situ probe | Radtke 2005. USGS Field Manual. |
| pH | pH | Hydrogen Ion Activity | USGS Boulder, Reston, SERC | ion selective electrode | Ritz and Collins 2008. USGS Field Manual. |
| ANC | µEquiv/L | Acid Neutralizing Capacity | USGS Boulder | Gran titration | Rounds 2006, USGS Field Manual |
| Chl | mg/L | Chlorophyll a | USGS Boulder | Standard Methods 10200H | |
| Alk | µEquiv/L | Total Alkalinity | USGS Reston | Titration | Standard Methods 2320 |
| DOC | mg C/L | Dissolved Organic Carbon | USGS Boulder, Reston | Heated Persulfate Oxidation Method | Aiken 1992 |
| SUVA 254 | (AU)/(mg C/L) | SUVA = UV Absorbance at 254 nm per unit DOC | USGS Boulder | uv spectrophotometry | Weishaar et al. 2003 |
| UV 254 | AU | Ultraviolet Absorbance at 254 nm | USGS Boulder | uv spectrophotometry | Weishaar et al. 2003 |
| Water depth | cm | Water Depth | USGS Reston, SERC | manual | |
| Temp | deg C | Temperature | USGS Boulder, Reston, SERC | thermister | Wilde 2006 USGS Field Manual |
| Wet Bulk Density | g wet weight/cm3 | Wet Bulk Density | SERC | Volumetric/gravimetric | |
| δD | δD | USGS Reston |
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