publications > open file report > OFR 2006-1240 > figure & table list > table 1 > shrubland
| Class ID | Raster ID | Name | Level | Description | Location | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S | 300000 | Shrubland | 1 | High-density stands of small trees and/or shrubs (>50% tree/shrub canopy cover) with heights less than five meters. Exception: Mangrove shrubs less than or equal to 2 meters are scrub - see scrub section. | Found throughout Florida. | |
| SM | 310000 | Mangrove Shrubland | 2 | Regularly flooded shrublands that are typically found along saltwater shorelines, including Black Mangrove (Avicennia germinans), White Mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa), Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle), Buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus), and Sea-Oxeye (Borrichia spp). Canopy heights are generally less than five meters and greater than two meters. | Found along coastal Florida. | |
| SMa | 311000 | Black Mangrove Shrubland | 3 | Black Mangrove (Avicennia germinans) dominant shrubland. Black mangrove is distinguishable from other mangrove species by leaves with grayish undersurfaces, by green, flattened "lima bean-like" fruits, by dark to blackish bark, and by the presence of numerous short breathing roots projecting vertically from the ground below and around the tree. | Found along coastal Florida. Predominates in the upper part of the intertidal zone and into the irregularly flooded higher elevations; common forest fringing Florida Bay along Snake Bite in ENP; sometimes found on higher drier soils than the red or white mangrove. However, it can be found amongt any of the other Mangrove communities. | |
| SMb | 312000 | Sea-Oxeye Shrubland | 3 | Sea-Oxeye (Borrichia arborescens) dominant shrubland. | Typically found in coastal areas of BISC and southern EVER where tidal flooding is common. | |
| SMc | 313000 | Buttonwood Shrubland | 3 | Buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus) dominant shrubland; often mixed with sparse Cocoplum (Chrysobalanus icaco), Wax Myrtle (Myrica cerifera), and/or Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle). | Generally coastal in distribution, normally found along the landward edge of the mangrove zone and along the edges of hammocks bordering the transition zone between freshwater and saltwater environments; thriving in areas that are only occasionally subjected to tidal washing (e.g., elevated ridges in or near the tidal zone); southern Florida and the Keys; more specifically found along the Buttonwood ridge in ENP and around Coot Bay. However, it can be found amongt any of the other Mangrove communities. | |
| SMl | 314000 | White Mangrove Shrubland | 3 | White Mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa) dominant shrubland. | Found along coastal Florida. Occurs throughout the intertidal zone, but predominatley in the irregularly flooded higher portions of the swamp. However, it can be found amongt any of the other Mangrove communities. | |
| SMr | 315000 | Red Mangrove Shrubland | 3 | Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) dominant shrubland; often mixed with sparse Cocoplum (Chrysobalanus icaco), Wax Myrtle (Myrica cerifera), and/or Buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus). | Found along coastal Florida primarily in the middle and lower portions of the intertidal and upper subtidal zone. However, it can be found amongt any of the other Mangrove communities. | |
| SMX | 316000 | Mixed Mangrove Shrubland | 3 | Mix of mangrove species with no particular species of dominance. | ||
| SMXac | 316100 | Black Mangrove-Buttonwood Shrubland | 4 | Co-dominant mix (60/40% split) of either Black Mangrove (Avicennia germinans) or Buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus) dominant mix. | ||
| SMXal | 316200 | Black Mangrove-White Mangrove Shrubland | 4 | Co-dominant mix (60/40% split) of either Black Mangrove (Avicennia germinans) or White Mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa) dominant mix. | ||
| SMXar | 316300 | Black Mangrove-Red Mangrove Shrubland | 4 | Co-dominant mix (60/40% split) of either Black Mangrove (Avicennia germinans) or Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) dominant mix. | ||
| SMXcc | 316400 | Buttonwood-Cocoplum Shrubland | 4 | Co-dominant mix (60/40% split) of either Buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus) or Cocoplum (Chrysobalanus icaco) dominant mix. | Commonly found in the transition zone between freshwater and tidal environments within EVER. | |
| SMXcl | 316500 | Buttonwood-White Mangrove Shrubland | 4 | Co-dominant mix (60/40% split) of either Buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus) or White Mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa) dominant mix. | ||
| SMXcr | 316600 | Buttonwood-Red Mangrove Shrubland | 4 | Co-dominant mix (60/40% split) of either Buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus) or Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) dominant mix. | ||
| SMXlr | 316700 | White Mangrove-Red Mangrove Shrubland | 4 | Co-dominant mix (60/40% split) of either White Mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa) or Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) dominant mix. | ||
| SMXrc | 316800 | Red Mangrove-Cocoplum Shrubland | 4 | Co-dominant mix (60/40% split) of either Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) or Cocoplum (Chrysobalanus icaco) dominant mix. | Found in the transition zone between freshwater and tidal environments within EVER. | |
| SS | 320000 | Swamp Shrubland | 2 | Seasonally to semi-permanently flooded freshwater shrublands. | Found throughout Florida. Some of these shrublands can be found in coastal areas along the transition zone between tidal and freshwater environments. | |
| SSa | 321000 | Pond Apple Shrubland | 3 | Pond Apple (Annona glabra) dominant shrubland. | Commonly found on the banks of freshwater ponds and streams and wet hammocks; from about Brevard County southward; sparsely distributed in the Keys, especially on Big Pine and Lignum Vitae Keys. | |
| SSr | 322000 | Falsewillow Shrubland | 3 | Broombush Falsewillow (Baccharis dioica), Silverling (B. glomeruliflora), and/or Groundsel Bush (B. hamlimifolia) dominant shrubland. | Found throughout Florida along the edges of freshwater and brackish marshes, wet coastal hammocks, shores of estuaries and bays, and various disturbed places, both wet and dry. | |
| SSB | 323000 | Bayhead Shrubland | 3 | Mix of Cocoplum (Chrysobalanus icaco), Swamp Bay (Persea palustris), Red Bay (Persea borbonia), Dahoon Holly (Ilex cassine), Willow (Salix caroliniana), Wax Myrtle (Myrica cerifera), Sweetbay (Magnolia virginiana), Cypress (Taxodium spp.), Pond Apple (Annona glabra), among others. Note: the distinguishing feature of the Transitional Bayhead that is different from a Bayhead is the presence of Red Mangrove and Buttonwood. Once the Red Mangrove signature is gone it is nearly impossible to distinguish Buttonwood from Wax Myrtle and Dahoon Holly and so Bayheads may have some Buttonwood present if these species co-occur on a Bayhead island. | Typical of tree islands within WCA2 and Loxahatchee NWR where tree heights rarely exceed 5 meters. | |
| SSBT | 332000 | Transitional Bayhead Shrubland | 3 | Mix of Buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus), Cocoplum (Chrysobalanus icaco), Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle), Wax Myrtle (Myrica cerifera), Mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni), Poisonwood (Metopium toxiferum), and occasionally Swamp Bay (Persea palustris), Red Bay (P. borbonia), Sweetbay (Magnolia virginiana), and Dahoon Holly (Ilex cassine). Note: the distinguishing feature of the Transitional Bayhead that is different from a Bayhead is the presence of Red Mangrove and Buttonwood. Once the Red Mangrove signature is gone it is nearly impossible to distinguish Buttonwood from Wax Myrtle and Dahoon Holly and so Bayheads may have some Buttonwood present if these species co-occur on a Bayhead island. | Typically occurring in a several kilometer wide band in the southern reaches of Taylor Slough and the Southeast Saline Everglades, extending west to Mahogany Hammock in ENP, and forming a transitional forest between the exclusively freshwater Bayhead forests to the north and the coastal Buttonwood and Mangrove forests to the south. Most often associated with tree islands within the scrub Red Mangrove zone. | Armentano and others, 2002 |
| SSc | 324000 | Buttonbush Shrubland | 3 | Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis) dominant shrubland. | Commonly found in wet areas and sites with standing water, such as swamps, sloughs, stream banks, depressions, marshes, and edges of ponds and lakes; throughout Florida except in the Keys. | |
| SSy | 325000 | Cocoplum Shrubland | 3 | Cocoplum (Chrysobalanus icaco) dominant shrubland. | Found in low hammocks, beaches, sand dunes, cypress heads, and other wet habitats, primarily along the coast but occasionally in inland swamps; Brevard and Charlotte Counties southward and throughout the Keys; common component of tree islands within Loxahatchee NWR and of the tidal-freshwater transition zone within EVER. | |
| SSf | 326000 | Pop Ash Shrubland | 3 | Pop Ash (Fraxinus caroliniana) dominant shrubland. | Commonly found in areas of prolonged deep inundation; riverine swamps and flood plains, wooded sloughs, wet depressions in flatwoods, ponds; distributed throughout northern Florida, southward to about the Tamiami Trail on the west coast, Martin and Palm Beach counties on the east coast. | |
| SSi | 327000 | Dahoon Holly Shrubland | 3 | Dahoon Holly (Ilex cassine) dominant shrubland. | Occurring close to the coast in the Panhandle of Florida but found throughout the peninsula, south nearly to Flamingo in Monroe County and to the Ten Thousand Islands in Collier County, not present in the Keys; often associated with Cypress ponds, flatwoods, and tree islands of the Water Conservation Areas. | |
| SSl | 328000 | Primrosewillow Shrubland | 3 | Peruvian Primrosewillow (Ludwigia peruviana) dominant shrubland and occasionally Angelstem Primrosewillow (L. leptocarpa) and Mexican Primrosewillow (L. octovalvis). | Commonly found in in shallow water of ditches, canals (along the interior side of the bounding canals of the WCAs between the canal edge and the bounding Willow stands), marshes, and adjacent to alligator holes; throughout Florida but much more common in central and southern Florida from about Gainesville southward. | |
| SSm | 329000 | Wax Myrtle Shrubland | 3 | Wax Myrtle (Myrica cerifera) dominant shrubland. | Found in a wide variety of habitats throughout Florida including the Keys; common component of tree islands throughout the WCAs; one of the State's most widespread plants. | |
| SSs | 331000 | Willow Shrubland | 3 | Willow (Salix caroliniana) dominant shrubland with sparse Leather Fern (Acrostichum danaeifolium), Cattail (Typha spp.), Sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense), Arrowhead (Sagittaria spp.), and other freshwater marsh species as possible understory components. | Typically found throughout the WCAs in monotypic stands adjacent to canals. | |
| SU | 340000 | Upland Shrubland | 2 | Briefly flooded shrublands | Found throughout Florida. | |
| SUa | 341000 | Nicker Bean Shrubland | 3 | Nicker Bean (Caesalpinia bundoc) dominant shrubland. | Found primarily in coastal areas along western BISC, Flamingo, and the islands of the Gulf of Mexico and the Keys; does well in disturbed areas. | |
| SUC | 342000 | Coastal Hardwood Shrubland | 3 | Mix of Sea Grape (Coccoloba uvifera), Gumbo Limbo (Bursera simaruba), Mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni), Spanish Stopper (Eugenia foetida), Poisonwood (Metopium toxiferum), Willow Bustic (Dipholis salicifolia), Jamaican Dogwood (Piscidia piscipula), Florida Thatch Palm (Thrinax radiata), Bahama Maidenbush (Savia bahamensis), Florida Swampprivet (Forestiera segregata), Pride-of-Big-Pine (Strumpfia maritima), and Yellow Neclacepod (Sophora tomentosa). Common understory components include Pricklypear (Opuntia stricta), Triangle Cactus (Acanthocereus tetragonus), among others. | Commonly found along coastal South Florida and especially in the Florida Keys. | |
| SUr | 343000 | Indigoberry Shrubland | 3 | Indigoberry (Randia aculeata) dominant shrubland. | Found in a variety of habitats in southern Florida and the Keys, especially in unburned pinelands and along the margins of coastal hammocks; more specifically found along the margins and as an understory component of the Jamaican Dogwood dominated coastal hammocks along Snake Bite in EVER. | |
| SUs | 344000 | Saw Palmetto Shrubland | 3 | Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens) dominant shrubland. | Typically located in sandy prairies, dunes, flatwoods, scrub oak ridges, and Cabbage Palm (Sabal palmetto) hammocks. Commonly found within BICY. | |
| SUT | 345000 | Temperate Hardwood Shrubland | 3 | Mix of Laural Oak (Quercus laurifolia), Live Oak (Q. virginiana), Cabbage Palm (Sabal palmetto), and occasionally Strangler Fig (Ficus aurea), Red Mulberry (Morus rubra), Hackberry (Celtis laevigata), Common Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana), and Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens). | Found north of US 41; often associated with recovering lands. | |
| SUH | 346000 | Tropical Hardwood Shrubland | 3 | Mix of Gumbo Limbo (Bursera simaruba), Poisonwood (Metopium toxiferum), Pigeon Plum (Coccoloba diversifolia), White Stopper (Eugenia axillaris), Strangler Fig (Ficus aurea), Swamp Bay (Persea borbonia), Dahoon Holly (Ilex Cassine), Saffron Plum (Sideroxylon celastrinum), Sugarberry (Celtis laevigata), False Mastic (Sideroxylon foetidissimum), Wax Myrtle (Myrica cerifera), and Myrsine (Myrsine floridana); similar to Tropical Hardwood Hammock (FHS) except canopy heights are less than 5 meters. |
U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey
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Last updated: 08 September, 2006 @ 09:31 AM (KP)