John W. Jones Virginia Carter (retired); Nancy B. Rybicki; Justin T. Reel; Henry A. Ruhl; David W. Stewart, 199907, Vegetation Map of the SICS area: Third International Symposium on Ecohydraulics Proceedings, International Association for Hydraulic Research, Salt Lake City, UT.Online Links:
Planar coordinates are encoded using Row and Column
Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 30
Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 30
Planar coordinates are specified in meters
The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983.
The ellipsoid used is Geodetic Reference System 80.
The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.
The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257.
red - sawgrass dark blue - sawgrass/bunchgrass brown - sawgrass/rush yellow - rush (other) purple - evergreen blue-green - mangrove/water green - mangrove/buttonwood cyan - open water
703 648-5543 (voice)
703 648-4165 (FAX)
jwjones@usgs.gov
This map was created specifically for surface-water flow velocity indexing within hydrodynamic models created by the U.S. Geological Survey. Vegetation classes in this map represent mixes of vegetation types that share structural characteristics and ranges of flow resistance as determined through field, laboratory, and hydrodynamic model experiments. Some of these vegetation types are more typically segregated into separate classes. Therefore, the user is cautioned not to treat this map as a standard vegetation classification. This map's characteristics and your requirements should be carefully considered before adopting this map for your particular use. Surface water flow velocity in the wetlands of Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park, is controlled by factors such as water depth, land-surface gradient, wind effects, and the type and density of vegetation. To evaluate the effect of vegetation on this shallow surface-water flow for model development, it is necessary to extrapolate from point measurements of velocity and surface-water slope made concurrently with characterization of vegetation at locations throughout the slough to the entire model area. This map was created solely for the purpose of extrapolating field and laboratory measured vegetation resistances to flow to the area of Taylor Slough/The Everglades National Park being modeled in the Southern Inland Coastal System (SICS) model domain.
Unknown, 1997, Landsat TM.
In addition, total biomass, total biomass minus periphyton biomass, and total LAI were calculated for each individual quadrat. The quadrats were grouped according to species composition and subsequently into density classes based on total biomass minus periphyton: sparse = 0-500 gdw/m 2, medium = 500-1000 gdw/m 2, dense = 1000-2000 gdw/m 2, and very dense = >2000 gdw/m 2.
A variety of remotely sensed products were available for developing the vegetation cover maps, including 1:12,000-scale color digital orthophoto quadrangles and the color infrared (IR) aerial photographs from which these were made, a 68-class 1993-94 Landsat vegetation cover classification map of southern Florida developed by the former National Biological Service and the University of Florida, and several vegetation maps of parts of the Taylor Slough model area (Rintz and Loope, 1978; Olmsted et al., 1980; Olmsted et al., 1981). In addition, we acquired a set of 1997 Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images that covered the model area.
A geographic information system graphical user interface (DBView), which was developed specifically to assimilate and interpret spatial data (Stewart,1997), was used to manipulate and recombine the 68 classes in the south Florida Landsat map into six vegetation cover classes plus water using the color IR photographs, digital orthophoto quadrangles, and vegetation maps for guidance.
Following a detailed examination of this vegetation map and correlation of the map with ground-truth information, a second vegetation cover map was developed using a January 1997 TM image. The Landsat TM instrument records both reflected (six bands) and emitted (thermal band) energy, respectively, for each ground area sampled. The ground spacing of reflected light measurements is nominally 30 m,while each thermal measurement represents an area 120 m on a side. Typically, the reflected and thermal data are processed separately. However, for this effort, the thermal data were oversampled to the 30-m resolution of the reflected bands. All data points within the resulting 7-band image were statistically grouped into 20 land-cover classes. The result of this process was then geometrically rectified to match the coordinate system used for all other field and remote sensing data collection. Using DBView, vegetation data collected in the field, and field observations, the 20 land-cover classes were further grouped into the seven vegetation classes and one water class.
Evaluation of these two vegetation cover maps required field trips to many sites within or on the periphery of Taylor Slough, including the area to the east that includes the C-111 canal area criss-crossed by drainage canals and the area to the west along the main park road to Flamingo and the Old Ingraham Highway. A special field reconnaissance was made to northern Florida Bay to check the map classes along the Buttonwood Embankment (Craighead, 1969) and the edges of the tidal embayments where Taylor Slough flows into Florida Bay. In addition, the GPS locations of the samples were plotted directly on the vegetation cover maps using DBView to identify the vegetation class from which each sample came.
Person who carried out this activity:
703 648-5543 (voice)
703 648-4165 (FAX)
jwjones@usgs.gov
Carter, Virginia Rybicki, Nancy B.; Reel, Justin, 199907, Classification of Vegetation for Surface-Water Flow Models in Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park: Third International Symposium on Ecohydraulics Proceedings, International Association for Hydraulic Research Association for Hydraulic Research (IAHR), Salt Lake City, UT.Online Links:
Olmsted, I. C. Loope, L. L.; Russell, R. P, 1981, Vegetation of the southern coastal region of Everglades National Park between Flamingo and Joe Bay: Report T-620, National Park Service South Florida Research Center, Florida.
Olmsted, I. C. Loope, L. L.; Rintz, R. E., 1980, A survey and baseline analysis of aspects of the vegetation of Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park: Report T-586, National Park Service South Florida Research Center, Florida.
Stewart, D. W., 1997, A GIS interface for environmental systems analysis: application to the south Florida ecosystem: USGS Fact Sheet 193-97, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Rintz, R. E. Loope, L. L., 1978, Vegetation map of Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park: National Park Service South Florida Research Center, Florida.
Craighead, F. C., 1969, Vegetation and recent sedimentation in Everglades National Park: The Florida Naturalist October, Florida Audubon Society, Maitland, FL.
not applicable
not applicable
Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
- Access_Constraints: None
- Use_Constraints: none
727 803-8747 ext 3028 (voice)
727 803-2030 (FAX)
hhenkel@usgs.gov
Vegetation map of the SICS area
No warrantees are implied or explicit for the data
| Data format: | Arc/Info grid (version unknown) |
|---|---|
| Network links: |
<http://time.er.usgs.gov/sics/sics_veg.e00> |
| Data format: | Both the geotiff and the tfw files are necessary to use this version of the map in format Georeferenced TIFF (geotiff) (version unknown) |
|---|---|
| Network links: |
<http://sofia.usgs.gov/projects/sheet_flow/sicsmap.html> |
727 803-8747 ext 3028 (voice)
727 803-2030 (FAX)
sofia-metadata@usgs.gov
U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Center for
Coastal Geology
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Generated by mp version 2.8.18 on Mon Apr 02 13:36:47 2007