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Salinity, discharge, stage (tables 1-6, OFR 02-59)

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Frequently-anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title: Salinity, discharge, stage (tables 1-6, OFR 02-59)
Abstract:
The report describes the history of roads through the Lower Glades of Everglades National Park and their influence on salinity intrusion. The tables contain data on flows through culverts beneath the main park road.
  1. How should this data set be cited?

    M.A. Stewart T. N. Bhatt; R. J. Fennema; D. V. Fitterman, 2002, Salinity, discharge, stage (tables 1-6, OFR 02-59): USGS Open-File Report 02-59, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -81
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.5
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 25.5
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 25

  3. What does it look like?

    <http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/ofr/02-59/images/fig1x.gif> (GIF)
    location of S. R. 9336 in Everglades National Park

  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

    Beginning_Date: 14-Apr-1997
    Ending_Date: 28-Oct-1997
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition

  5. What is the general form of this data set?

    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report

  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?

    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?

      Indirect_Spatial_Reference: State Route 9336

    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?

      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.1. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.1. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Degrees, minutes, and decimal seconds.

      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is Geodetic Reference System 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257.

      Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Altitude_System_Definition:
      Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988
      Altitude_Resolution: 0.01
      Altitude_Distance_Units: feet
      Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values

  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Data collected for the culverts include salinity conditions in microS/cm, discharge conditions with positive flow values denoting south or east flows and negative values denoting north or west flows in cubic feet per second (cfs), and stage conditions in feet.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS personnel

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)

  2. Who also contributed to the data set?

  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?

    David Fitterman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Project Chief
    P. O. Box 25046

    Denver Federal Center MS 964
    Denver, CO 80225
    USA

    303 236-1382 (voice)
    303 236-1425 (FAX)
    fitter@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

The main road in Everglades National Park (ENP) connects Flamingo with the Park's entrance and continues onto the coastal ridge of Miami-Dade County. The current alignment of the road, an extension of State Road 9336, formerly known as State Road 27, was built in 1956 when a portion of what was then known as Ingraham Highway was replaced with a more northward section. The road has been the subject of some controversy. Some scientists have claimed that the roadbed is a barrier to natural flow into Florida Bay, while others have blocked culverts to hold fresh water back in the wetlands east of the road and north of Florida Bay. The South Florida Natural Resources Center conducted a study to access the current condition of the culverts and to determine the patterns of water flow in the area adjacent to the road. Information has been gathered on the road's history, the historical water levels and flow patterns. Monitoring sites have been installed to record water level, salinity, and flow, which are being measured during times when water is present. The USGS conducted investigations in the southern Everglades to assess the extent of saline-water intrusion by means of airborne electromagnetic geophysical measurements. The data in the tables are part of the report which condenses the information gathered as of 2002.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

    Date: Unknown (process 1 of 1)
    Staff gauges have been installed in and near seven culverts along the main Park road and at two locations on the Pay-hay-okee overlook access road. The recorders have been installed in upstream/downstream pairs. Along with the discontinuous staff gauges (88NGVD), two stations (SR-1 and SR-2) measuring continuous stage have been installed between culverts 57 and 58. SR1 and SR2 have been operational since November 1997. Fifteen culverts have been selected for routine flow measurements along the main Park road along with two culverts on the Pay-hay-okee overlook access road and one on the road leading to Mahogany Hammock. Point velocity measurements were taken at each observation culvert using a Marsh McBirney Portable Water Current Meter beginning in 1996. These measurements are aiding in developing a representation of the flow patterns between Royal Palm and Mzarek Pond.

    Person who carried out this activity:

    David Fitterman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Project Chief
    P. O. Box 25046

    Denver Federal Center MS 964
    Denver, CO 80225
    USA

    303 236-1382 (voice)
    303 236-1425 (FAX)
    fitter@usgs.gov

  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

    Fitterman, David V. Deszcz-Pan, Maria; Stoddard, 1999, Results of Time-Domain Electromagnetic Soundings in Everglades National Park, Florida: USGS Open-File Report 99-426, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?

  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?

  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?

  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?

    unknown

  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?

    unavailable

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?

Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints: none

  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)

    Heather S.Henkel
    U.S. Geological Survey
    600 Fourth St. South
    St. Petersburg, FL 33701
    USA

    727 803-8747 ext 3028 (voice)
    727 803-2030 (FAX)
    hhenkel@usgs.gov

  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    salinity, discharge, and stage conditions

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    No warrantees are implied or explicit for the data

  4. How can I download or order the data?

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 25-May-2007
Metadata author:
Heather Henkel
U.S. Geological Survey
600 Fourth Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
USA

727 803-8747 ext 3028 (voice)
727 803-2030 (FAX)
sofia-metadata@usgs.gov

Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)

This page is <http://sofia.usgs.gov/metadata/sflwww/sal_dis_stage_ofr_02-59.faq.html>

U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Center for Coastal Geology
Comments and suggestions? Contact: Heather Henkel - Webmaster
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