Roy S. Sonenshein 2001 text files http://sofia.usgs.gov/exchange/sonenshein/sonensheinelev.html This data set contains daily maximum water level elevation in feet below mean sea level(feet msl) for 21 groundwater wells and daily mean stage in feet msl for 2 surface water stations for 1996 along a transect, approximately 1,000 feet long that is perpendicular to and bisected by Levee 30. Determining the volume of water seeping from the water-conservation areas to the underlying aquifers is important in managing water levels in the conservation areas and freshwater deliveries to Everglades National Park. An accurate water budget to meet the competing natural and anthropogenic needs cannot be determined without this information. From Water Conservation Area 3B, water seeps into the Biscayne aquifer, which is about 80 feet thick directly beneath Levee 30 and thickens to the east, and flows relatively fast (due to high permeability of the aquifer) toward the urban and agricultural areas to the east. Water is also discharged to the canal along the eastern part of Levee 30. The rate of discharge is controlled by structures at the northern and southern ends of the canal. This seepage to the aquifer and canal discharge of water are critical for water-supply wells to the east and for preventing the inland movement of saltwater from the coast. However, lowering of ground-water levels to the east has resulted in higher ground-water seepage and canal discharge, reducing flows to the south in the water-conservation area. As a result, Levees 67A and 67C were constructed to direct water southward toward the central region of Everglades National Park. This water-management scheme has been effective in delivering water to the southwest; however, it reduced the flow to the southeast (northeastern part of Everglades National Park). The altering of historical flow directions and water-level durations has caused significant adverse effects to parts of the Everglades ecosystem. Water managers want to restore predevelopment flow conditions for the Everglades to survive, while also taking into consideration the urban and agricultural needs. The objective of this project was to evaluate approaches for quantifying ground-water seepage beneath Levee 30. The accounting of all significant hydrologic inflows and outflows to the Everglades ecosystem of the south Florida mainland is a key element of the South Florida Ecosystem Program. This project ended in 1999. 199602 199612 ground condition complete none planned -80.49 -80.48 25.86 25.86 none groundwater hydrology numerical flow models seepage stage surface water water level ISO 19115 Topic Category environment geoscientificInformation inlandWaters 007 008 012 Department of Commerce, 1995, Countries, Dependencies, Areas of Special Sovereignty, and Their Principal Administrative Divisions, Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 10-4, Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology United States US U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the outlying areas of the United States, and associated areas (Federal Information Processing Standard 5-2): Washington, DC, NIST Florida FL Department of Commerce, 1990, Counties and Equivalent Entities of the United States, Its Possessions, and Associated Areas, FIPS 6-3, Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology Miami-Dade County USGS Geographic Names Information System Everglades National Park Levee 30 none South East Coast Water Conservation Area 3B WCA3B none none Roy Sonenshein National Park Service mailing and physical address

Everglades NP 950 Krome Ave., 3rd floor

Homestead FL 33030 USA 305 224-4250 305 224-4147 roy.sonenshein@nps.gov http://sofia.usgs.gov/exchange/sonenshein/locationelev.html water level parameter data location map GIF Station location and description, and period of record data are stored for each sampling location in the USGS NWIS database. The daily values are on the SOFIA website in tab-delinited text files for each site. Sonenshein, R. S. 2001 report USGS Water-Resources Investigations Report WRIR 01-4074 Tallahassee, Fl U.S. Geological Survey accessed as of 12/13/2010 http://fl.water.usgs.gov/Abstracts/wri01_4074_sonenshein.html Because of the low hydraulic gradients, the data were carefully verified, and periods of questionable or unreliable data were eliminated from the final record. Tapedown measurements were made every 1 to 2 months to check the recorded data. Because of the low hydraulic gradients, the data were carefully verified, and periods of questionable or unreliable data were eliminated from the final record. Ground-water flow models were developed to calculate a water budget, including seepage losses, for a transect perpendicular to Levee 30. Twenty-one continuous recording, ground-water-level monitor wells were installed along the transect, running about 500 feet both east and west of Levee 30. The wells are located in six different clusters where each cluster has two to five wells, with depths ranging from 10 to 80 feet below land surface. Continuous surface-water-level (stage) recorders were also installed along the transect, one in Water Conservation Area 3B and one in the Levee 30 canal. Data were collected for about 1 year to obtain information for both wet- and dry-season conditions. The data were used to select boundary conditions for the ground-water flow models and to calibrate the models. Data collection began in February 1996 and ended in December 1996. A continuous geologic core from land surface to a depth of 78 feet was obtained during the drilling of a monitor well completed in February 1995. Permeability and porosity tests were performed on 10 plugs from the core. Of particular interest was a thin, very hard, impermeable limestone layer at 7 feet below land surface with a very low porosity (less than 5 percent) and very low permeability (less than 0.001 millidarcy). This layer is believed to be areally extensive and, therefore, would constitute a semiconfining layer retarding the seepage of water from Water Conservation Area 3B into the underlying Biscayne aquifer. Geophysical logs were obtained from two monitor wells using electro- magnetic induction and natural gamma tools. The resulting logs are useful for determining changes in rock types and water quality. Discharge measurements were made in the Levee 30 canal under various hydrologic conditions at three locations: at the transect, 1 mile south of the transect, and 1 mile north of the transect. The differences in flow rates at these three sections are used to determine the rate at which water is seeping into or out of the canal from the aquifer, a critical input requirement for the ground-water flow models. At two sites in the wetlands, seepage meters were used to directly measure the flux of water across the water-sediment interface. Measurements were made under varying hydrologic conditions. 2001 Roy Sonenshein National Park Service mailing and physical address

Everglades NP 950 Krome Ave., 3rd floor

Homestead FL 33030 USA 305 224-4250 305 224-4147 roy.sonenshein@nps.gov Levee 30 0.1 0.1 Degrees, minutes, and decimal seconds North American Datum of 1983 Geodetic Reference System 80 6378137 298.257 National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 0.01 feet Attribute values Heather S. Henkel U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

600 Fourth St. South

St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727 803-8747 ext 3028 727 803-2030 hhenkel@usgs.gov Daily Values The data have no implied or explicit guarantees ASCII tab-delimited text file 0.04 http://sofia.usgs.gov/exchange/sonenshein/sonensheinelev.html Data may be downloaded from the SOFIA website. None 20101213 Heather Henkel U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical address

600 Fourth Street South

St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727 803-8747 ext 3028 727 803-2030 sofia-metadata@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 none This metadata record may have been copied from the SOFIA website and may not be the most recent version. Please check http://sofia.usgs.gov/metadata to be sure you have the most recent version.