Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Gene Shinn (retired) Chris Reich; Robert Halley; Ron Reese Publication_Date: 2005 Title: Groundwater Seepage in the Florida Keys Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: spreadsheets Online_Linkage: http://sofia.usgs.gov/projects/grndwtr_seepage/ Description: Abstract: This project installed seepage meters to measure the volume of groundwater seepage into the overlying marine environment. The water will be analyzed for major nutrient levels. The data from this project include the site and values of seepage flux. Purpose: The Florida Keys contain 25,000 septic tank systems, approximately 5000 cesspools, and 1000 class 5 injection wells. Depth of injection wells ranges from 10 to 30 meters. Excessive algal growth, coral diseases, and both marine grass and sponge lortality is perceived to be caused by sewage nutrients leaking from roundwater on both sides of the Florida Keys. Determining the volume and composition of groundwaters seeping into the marine environment from teh sea floor is vital to management decisions on the area. The objective of this study was to determine the volume and composition of groundwaters seeping upward through the rock water interface into Florida Bay and the coral reef tract. Submarine groundwater input into Florida Bay has been ignored by modelers and results show current models are likely to be erroneous. An additional major product will be an improved seepage meter design. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19950717 Ending_Date: 19960820 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.9 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.3 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 25.2 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.8 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Theme_Keyword: chemistry Theme_Keyword: hydrology Theme_Keyword: sewage Theme_Keyword: seepage Theme_Keyword: nutrients Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters Theme_Keyword: 007 Theme_Keyword: 012 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Department of Commerce, 1995, Countries, Dependencies, Areas of Special Sovereignty, and Their Principal Administrative Divisions, Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 10-4, Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: US Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the outlying areas of the United States, and associated areas (Federal Information Processing Standard 5-2): Washington, DC, NIST Place_Keyword: Florida Place_Keyword: FL Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Department of Commerce, 1990, Counties and Equivalent Entities of the United States, Its Possessions, and Associated Areas, FIPS 6-3, Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology Place_Keyword: Monroe County Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Geographic Names Information System Place_Keyword: Florida Bay Place_Keyword: Key Largo Place_Keyword: Sunset Cove Place_Keyword: Nest Key Place_Keyword: Buttonwood Sound Place_Keyword: Mowry Canal Place_Keyword: Sand Key Place_Keyword: Pickles Reef Place_Keyword: Long Key Place_Keyword: Pass Key Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Place_Keyword: Florida Keys Place_Keyword: Port Largo Canal Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: none Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Chris Reich Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 Fourth St. South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727 803-8747 ext 3032 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727 803-2032 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: creich@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/posters/hydro_flkeys/clflasatx.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: satellite image of southern Florida showing study site location Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Native_Data_Set_Environment: MS Excel Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Shinn, E. A. Reese, R. S.; Reich, C. D. Publication_Date: 1994 Title: Fate and pathways of injection-well effluent in the Florida Keys Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report Series_Information: Series_Name: USGS Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 94-276 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Florida Publisher: U. S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/ofr/94-276 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Reich, C. D. Publication_Date: 1996 Title: Diver-operated manometer: a simple device for measuring hydraulic head in underwater wells Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report Series_Information: Series_Name: Journal of Sedimentary Rresearch Issue_Identification: v. 66 n. 5 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Tulsa, OK Publisher: S E P M Society for Sedimentary Research Other_Citation_Details: Journal of Sedimentary Research table of contents and abstracts are open access. Full text articles are available to non-member subscribers or pay-per-view at two websites accessed from the JSR website (http://www.sepm.org/jsr/jsr_home.html) Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Halley, R. B. Vacher, H. L.; Shinn, E. A. Publication_Date: 1997 Title: Geology and Hydrogeology of the Florida Keys Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: book chapter Series_Information: Series_Name: Developments in Sedimentology Issue_Identification: Geology and hydrogeology of carbonate islands Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Doorwerth, The Netherlands Publisher: Elsevier Science B. V. Other_Citation_Details: This chapter was originally published in Geology and Hydrology of Carbonate Islands, Developments in Sedimentology 54, edited by H. L. Vacher and T. Quinn Online_Linkage: http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/papers/keys_geohydro/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Paul, J. H. Rose, J. B.; Brown, J.; Shinn, E. A.; Miller, S.; Farrah, S. R. Publication_Date: 1995 Title: Viral tracer studies indicate contamination of marine waters by sewage disposal practices in Key Largo, Florida Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report Series_Information: Series_Name: Applied and Environmental Microbiology Issue_Identification: v. 61, n. 6 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Washington, DC Publisher: American Society for Microbiology Other_Citation_Details: The full article may be downloaded from the AEM website Online_Linkage: http://aem.asm.org/cgi/reprint/61/6/2230 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Paul, J. H. Rose, J. B.; Jiang, S.; Kellogg, C.; Shinn, E. A. Publication_Date: 1995 Title: Occurrence of fecal indicator bacteria in surface waters and the subsurface aquifer in Key Largo, Florida Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report Series_Information: Series_Name: Applied and Environmental Microbiology Issue_Identification: v. 61, n. 6 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Washington, DC Publisher: American Society for Microbiology Other_Citation_Details: The full article may be downloaded from the AEM website Online_Linkage: http://aem.asm.org/cgi/reprint/61/6/2235 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Shinn, Eugene A. Reich, Christopher D.; Hickey, T. Donald Publication_Date: 2002 Title: Seepage Meters and Bernoulli's Revenge Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report Series_Information: Series_Name: Estuaries Issue_Identification: v. 25, n. 1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Port Republic, MD Publisher: Estuarine Research Federation Online_Linkage: http://estuariesandcoasts.org/journal/ESTU2002/ESTU2002_25_1_126_132.pdf Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Reich, C. D. Shinn, E. A.; Hickey, T. D.; Tihansky, A. B. Publication_Date: 2001 Title: Tidal and Meterological Influences of Shallow Marine Groundwater Flow in the Upper Florida Keys Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: book chapter Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Boca Raton, FL Publisher: CRC Press Other_Citation_Details: in The Everglades, Florida Bay and Coral Reefs of the Florida Keys: An Ecosystem Source-book Porter, J. W. And Porter, K. G., eds Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: The same tests were performed for each data collection site Completeness_Report: Data collected from all the sites were used in the calculations of ground seepage Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Benchmarks were installed onshore on both sides of Key Largo and position and elevation determined using GPS_Military P-code enabled. Two wells at each cluster were later leveled in using the benchmarks as a reference point. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: For the seepage meter experiment in south Florida (Florida Bay, Florida Keys) a new design of seepage meters was developed. A fiberglass mold (approx. 70 cm x 70 cm) was constructed from an off-the-shelf household skylight. Approximately 60 seepage meter domes were constructed and installed at various locations throughout the study region. Because the study region's underlying Pleistocene limestone is very heterogeneous, several domes were installed in certain locations to combat hydrologic variations which control flow in and out of the subsurface. The fiberglass seepage meter provided a rigid frame which was them mounted to the bare rock seafloor throughout Florida Bay and along the Keys. Portland cement was mixed and used to seal the edges of the fiberglass domes. A hole was previously cut in the dome top to be used for connecting a plastic bag. The preferred bag was a turkey basting bag because of its construction material. After the domes were in place and the cement had cured, basting bags were placed on the domes. The bags were left on the dome for a 24 hour period (one tidal cycle) and subsequently removed. The volume on the bag was measured with a calibrated graduated cylinder. Knowing the volume over the 24 hour period and the area of the seepage meter, a flux (L/m2/d) could be calculated. These measurements were recorded and placed in spreadsheets to determine variations by location and other environmental factors (i. e., rain, tide, wave). Process_Date: 1997 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Chris Reich Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 Fourth St. South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727 803-8747 ext 3032 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727 803-2032 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: creich@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Indirect_Spatial_Reference: Florida Bay, Florida Keys Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 33 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: WGS84 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS84 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Information provided in the spreadsheets includes: site_name, data_provided, station_id, station_name, station_type, latitude, longitude, horz_datum_code, horz_collect_method_code, class (water quality, hydrologic stations or both), field_msr_id, medium, result_value, result_unit, field_msr_equipment_type, and field_msr_equipment_name Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS personnel Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Heather S.Henkel Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 600 Fourth St. South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727 803-8747 ext 3028 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727 803-2030 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: hhenkel@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Groundwater Seepage Distribution_Liability: No warrantees are implied or explicit for the data Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: MS Excel Format_Version_Number: unknown Format_Information_Content: contains information and data collected during the seepage meter experiments along the Florida Keys on both the Florida Bay and Atlantic Ocean sides Transfer_Size: 0.088 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://sofia.usgs.gov/exchange/shinn/ Access_Instructions: Data may be downloaded from the SOFIA website Fees: none Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20080317 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Heather Henkel Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 Fourth Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727 803-8747 ext 3028 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727 803-2030 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sofia-metadata@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998