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Everglades Water chemistry - Cations and Anions

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Frequently-anticipated questions:


What does this data set describe?

Title: Everglades Water chemistry - Cations and Anions
Abstract:
This data set contains the following parameters: Lab ID, site ID, lab pH, lab alkalinity, Cl, SO4, Ca, Mg, Na, K, and ion balance for 27 samples collected from 10 sites.
  1. How should this data set be cited?

    George Aiken Mike Reddy, Paul F. Schuster, Charmaine Gunther,, 2005, Everglades Water chemistry - Cations and Anions.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.9
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.1
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 26.79
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 25.59

  3. What does it look like?

    <http://sofia.usgs.gov/exchange/aiken/locationchem.html> (JPEG)
    location of sample collection sites

  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

    Beginning_Date: 01-Mar-1995
    Ending_Date: 31-Mar-1995
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition

  5. What is the general form of this data set?

    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: text files

  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?

    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?

      Indirect_Spatial_Reference: Everglades
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (10)

    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?

      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.1. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.1. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees.

      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is Geodetic Reference System 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257.

  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?


Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)

  2. Who also contributed to the data set?

    This work has been done as part of the U.S. Geological Survey South Florida Ecosystems Initiative and was funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (through Grant IAG #DW14936802-01-0).

  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?

    George Aiken
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Project chief
    3215 Marine Street, Suite E-127
    Boulder, CO 80303

    303 541-3036 (voice)
    303 447-2505 (FAX)
    graiken@usgs.gov


Why was the data set created?

It is well recognized that the chemical forms of mercury in the water column and sediments are intimately related to bioaccumulation and body burden. Interactions of mercury and dissolved organic matter may play an important role in controlling the bioavailability and reactivity of mercury. The goal of our research is to provide information about the interactions of mercury and dissolved organic matter that will better define this important, albeit, poorly understood process. Ultimately, this research will lead to a more complete model of mercury behavior in the Everglades. Our research focused on the effect of DOC on the transport and reactivity of mercury in the Everglades through a combined field and laboratory study. The underlying hypothesis of this research is that the chemistry and structural characteristics of organic matter in the Everglades have a controlling influence on mercury cycling processes such as methylation and volatilization.

The South Florida Water Management District, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the USGS South Florida Ecosystems Initiative have organized an intensive study of surface water chemistry in Southern Florida. In 1994, several onsite-research locations were selected in the Water Conservation Areas of the South Florida Water Management District in conjunction with this multidisciplinary, multiagency research project.


How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

    Date: unknown (process 1 of 1)
    Surface water and marsh porewater water samples were collected and analyzed. Data are available for samples collected in March 1995 and analyzed shortly thereafter. Surface water samples were collected at a single depth from 7 locations and at two depths at 3 locations. Marsh pore-water samples were collected at several depths below the sediment water interface at 4 locations. Surface water samples were collected at each pore-water sampling location.

    A replicate sample was collected from selected Everglades Study Sites to evaluate onsite-sampling variability. Distilled-water blank samples and standard reference water samples (SRWS) were submitted to the laboratory with the onsite samples and were analyzed concomitantly with them. Reference samples were processed using the same procedures as the onsite samples.

    A total of 27 samples from 10 locations from South Florida Water Management District Water Conservation Areas have been analyzed using a protocol designed to minimize errors associated with sample handling procedures, laboratory analyses, and data-entry operations.

    Person who carried out this activity:

    George Aiken
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Project chief
    3215 Marine Street, Suite E-127
    Boulder, CO 80303

    303 541-3036 (voice)
    303 447-2505 (FAX)
    graiken@usgs.gov

  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

    Aiken, G. R., 1992, Chloride Interference in the Analysis of Dissolved Organic Carbon by the wet oxidation method the Wet Oxidation Method: Environmental Sciences and Technology v.26, p.2435-2439, Kluwer Academic Press, Dorcrecht, Netherlands.

    Cotlove, E. Trantham, H. V., Bowman, R. L., 1958, An Instrument and Method for Automatic, Rapid, Accurate and Sensitive Titration of Chloride in Biologic Samples Titration of Chloride in Biologic Samples: Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine v.51, p.461-468, Elsevier Inc., New York, NY.

    Garbarino, J. R. Taylor, H.E., 1979, An inductive-coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometric method for routine water quality testing Routine Water Quality Testing: Applied Spectroscopy v.33, no.3, p.220-226, Society for Applied Spectroscopy, Frederick, MD.

    Garbarino, J. R. Taylor, H. E., 1980, A Babington-type nebulizer for use in the analysis of natural water samples by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry: Applied Spectroscopy v.34, no.5, p.584-590, Society for Applied Spectroscopy, Frederick, MD.

    Reddy, N. M. Schuster, P. F. , Harte, J., 1989, Summary of data from onsite and laboratory analyses of precipitation runoff from carbonate-stone surfaces, National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program, June 1984 to November 1987: USGS Open-File Report OFR 89-246, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program, June 1984 to November 1987
    Schroder, L. J. Fishman, M. J., Friedman, L, 1980, The use of standard reference water samples by the U.S. Geological Survey Survey: USGS Open-File Report OFR 80-738, U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Skougstad, M. W. Fishman, M. J., Friedman, L, 1979, Methods for the determination of inorganic substances in water and fluvial sediments: USGS Open-File Report OFR 85-495, Book 5, Chapter A1, U. S. Geological Survey, Reston VA.

    Other_Citation_Details:
    This publication is no longer current and has been superseded by a more recent publication: USGS Report: TWRI -05-A1
    Taylor, H. E. Schiller, A. M., Garbarino,, 1995, Intercomparison Experiments on Dissolved Trace-Metal Data from the Mississippi River and some of its Tributaries, 1989-1990: USGS Open-File Report OFR 93-628, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston VA.

    Online Links:

    Wood, W. W., 1976, Guidelines for Collection and Field Analysis of Groundwater Samples for Selected Unstable Constituents: Techniques of Water Resources Investigations of the U.S. Geological Survey Book 1, Chapter D2, U. S. Geological Survey, Reston VA.

    Online Links:


How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?

  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?

  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?

  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?

    not applicable

  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?

    not applicable


How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?

Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints:
These data are subject to change and are not citable until reviewed and approved for official publication by the USGS

  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)

    Heather S.Henkel
    U.S. Geological Survey
    600 Fourth St. South
    St. Petersburg, FL 33701
    USA

    727 803-8747 ext 3028 (voice)
    727 803-2030 (FAX)
    hhenkel@usgs.gov

  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    aiken - cation and anions

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    The data have no implied or explicit guarantees

  4. How can I download or order the data?


Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 01-Nov-2006
Metadata author:
Heather Henkel
U.S. Geological Survey
600 Fourth Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
USA

727 803-8747 ext 3028 (voice)
727 803-2030 (FAX)
sofia-metadata@usgs.gov

Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)


This page is <http://sofia.usgs.gov/metadata/sflwww/gachemca.faq.html>

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