The overall strategy is is to: 1. Sample modern environments throughout the Greater Everglades Ecosystem to understand the present ecosystem and locate undisturbed shallow sediment cores to analyze ecosystem variability and change over the last few hundred years.
2. Analyze deep cores for sedimentology, diagenesis, biostratigraphy, paleoecology, and chemostratigraphy in transects across the southern Florida Peninsula to better understand the factors controlling ground water movement and to define aquifer characteristics. In order to understand the role of facies relationships and genetic depositional units in determining groundwater flow, the distribution and abundance of micro mollusks, foraminifers, dinocysts, ostracodes, pollen and spores, and charcoal will be analyzed, and strontium isotopes will be used for geochronology.
Bruce R. Wardlaw Thomas Cronin, Unknown, Florida Cooperative Geologic Mapping Project.Online Links:
This project was funded jointly by the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program and the Fragile Envirionments Initiative with added support by the US Army corps of Engineers and the South Florida Water Management District. Other agencies involved in site selection, field support, and others aspects of the project included South Florida Water Management District, Big Cypress National Preserve, Everglades National Park, Biscayne National Park, Dade County Department of Environmental Resource Management, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Florida Geological Survey, Florida Institute of Oceanography, University of Florida, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Miami, and several local state parks. In addition the project interfaced with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, NOAA, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Environmental Protection Agency (largely in the ecosystem history aspects).
703 648-5288 (voice)
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bwardlaw@usgs.gov
A multitude of water-related societal issues face southern Florida in the 1990's. These issues include the increasing demands for water for agriculture; business, and the rapidly growing population in the Naples and Miami area (Miami showing the fourth fastest growth rate in the U.S. in the 1980's), the recently mandated restoration of natural sheet flow through the Everglades ecosystem, the effects of runoff from agricultural and urban areas, and the vitality of the important fisheries of Florida Bay and Biscayne Bay. This project provides baselines for ecosystem variability and tracks the change in ecosystems through the last several hundred years to provide critical information for reasonable restoration targets to land planners and managers in southern Florida. In addition, it provides the geologic framework for the aquifers that supply water to the area.
1. Establish modern census sites and sample every six months for the duration of the project, provide yearly progress reports on the modern census data.
2. Analyze one to three undisturbed cores for each ecosystem history subproject yearly, provide summary report of core upon completion of analysis.
3. Drill numerous holes for analysis of the southwest Florida surficial aquifer system, analyze the cores.
4. Describe and analyze several long cores, with the Florida Geological Survey, for establishing the geologic framework of Florida.
5. Provide paleontological and isotopic support work (as SUPPORTMAP) for activities of the Geological Investigations Projects of the Florida Geological Survey which include: revision of the State Geologic Map and the State Geomorphic Map, surficial sediments and bedrock mapping of the western one-half of the Homestead 1: 100,000 quadrangle, surficial sediments and bedrock geology mapping of the Sarasota 1: 100,000 quadrangle, lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic investigation of the proposed Okeechobee Formation, siliciclastic-carbonate transition in southern Florida and the Keys, hydrostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic characterization of Cenozoic sediments of the Southwest Florida Water Management District, and West Florida coastal estuarine sediment characterization studies.
Work planned for FY 1998 included:
1. Continue modern census sampling.
2. Complete final coring in the Taylor Slough region and collect a transect of cores across the northern part of Shark River Slough.
3. Develop a collecting and monitoring program with Biscayne Bay National Park of groundwaters entering Biscayne Bay and examine ecosystem history cores to determine the importance and change of groundwater contribution to the bay.
4. Complete analysis of Pass Key core.
5. Finish manuscripts on synthesis of results from cores and species analysis for SFWMD contract.
6. Continue drilling for surficial aquifer and "River of Sand" studies in Collier and Monroe Counties.
7. Complete manuscripts on Hilliard core, validity of the "River of Sand", and stratigraphic correlation of the shallow aquifer system of Collier County.
Person who carried out this activity:
703 648-5288 (voice)
703 648-5420 (FAX)
bwardlaw@usgs.gov
Edwards, L. E. Weedman, S. D., Simmons, K., 1998, Lithostratigraphy, petrography, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of the surficial aquifer system of western Collier County, Florida: USGS Open-File Report 98-205, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Weedman, S. D. Paillet, F. L, Edwards, L. , 1999, Lithostratigraphy, geophysics, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of the surficial aquifer system of eastern Collier County and northern Monroe County, Florida: USGS Open-File Report 99-432, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Weedman, S. D. Paillet, F. L., Means, G. H, 1997, Lithology and geophysics of the surficial aquifer system in western Collier County, Florida: USGS Open-File Report 97-436, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Ishman, Scott E., 1997, Ecosystem History of South Florida: Biscayne Bay Sediment Core Descriptions: USGS Open-File Report 97-0437, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Ishman, Scott E. Graham, Ian, D'Ambrosio, Ji, 1997, Modern Benthic Foraminifer Distributions in Biscayne Bay: Analogs for Historical Reconstructions: USGS Open-File Report 97-034, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Pyle, Laura Cooper, Sherri R., Huvane Jacqu, 1998, Diatom Paleoecology Pass Key Core 37, Everglades National Park, Florida Bay: USGS Open-File Report 98-522, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Brewster-Wingard, G. Lynn Ishman, Scott E., Waibel,, 1998, Preliminary Paleontologic Report on Core 37, from Pass Key, Everglades National Park, Florida Bay: USGS Open-File Report 98-0122, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Scott, Thomas M. Means, Guy H., Brewster-Win, 1997, Progress Report on Sediment Analyses at Selected Faunal Monitoring Sites in North-central and Northeastern Florida Bay: USGS Open-File Report 97-0534, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Willard, Debra A. Brewster-Wingard, G. Lynn, , 1997, Paleontological Data from Mud Creek Core 1, southern Florida: USGS Open-File Report 97-0736, U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Wingard, G. Lynn Ishman, Scott, Cronin, Th, 1995, Preliminary Analysis of Down-Core Biotic Assmeblages: Bob Allen Keys, Everglades National Park, Florida Bay: USGS Open-File Report 95-628, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Brewster-Wingard, G. Lynn Ishman, S. E., Edwards, L, 1996, Preliminary Report on the Distribution of Modern Fauna and Flora at Selected Sites in North-central and North-eastern Florida Bay: USGS Open-File Report 96-0732, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Ishman, S. E. Brewster-Wingard, G. L., Wi, 1996, Preliminary paleontologic report on core T-24, Little Madeira Bay, Florida: USGS Open-File Report 96-0543, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Willard, Debra A. Weimer, Lisa M., 1997, Palynological Census Data from Surface Samples in South Florida: USGS Open-File Report 97-0867, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Willard, Debra A., 1997, Pollen Census Data from Southern Florida: Sites Along an Nutrient Gradient in Water Conservation Area 2A: USGS Open-File Report 97-0497, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Brewster-Wingard, G. L. Ishman, S. E., Willard, D. , 1997, Preliminary paleontologic report on Cores 19A and 19B, Russell Bank, Everglades National Park, Florida Bay: USGS Open-File Report OFR 97-460, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
Cronin, T. M. Boomer, I., Dwyer, G., Rodr, 2002, Ostracoda and Paleoceanography: Monograph 131, American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC.
J. A. Holmes and A. R. Chivas, eds.
Cronin, T. M. Dwyer, G. S., Schwede, S. B, 2002, Climate variability from Florida Bay sedimentary record: possible teleconnections to ENSO, PNA, and CNP: Climate Research v. 19, no. 3, Inter-Research, Oldendorf/Luhe, Germany.
Willard. D. A. Holmes, C. W., 1997, Pollen and Geochronological Data from South Florida: Taylor Creek Site 2: USGS Open File Report 97-35, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.Online Links:
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data from ecosystem history and stratigraphy and geohydrology projects
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