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Coastal Gradients of Flow, Salinity, and Nutrients

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Frequently-anticipated questions:


What does this data set describe?

Title: Coastal Gradients of Flow, Salinity, and Nutrients
Abstract:
Eleven monitoring stations will have been operated and maintained along the southwest coast of ENP, the Everglades wetlands, and along the coastlines of northeastern Florida Bay and northwest Barnes Sound. Data collected at these 11 stations will include water level, velocity, salinity, and temperature. These stations will complement information currently being generated through an existing network of 20 hydrologic monitoring stations of on-going USGS projects. By combining data collected from the monitoring stations and the existing monitoring network, information will be available across 9 generalized coastal gradients or transects. Data collected at all flow sites will be transmitted in near real time (every 1 or 4 hours) by way of satellite telemetry to the automated data processing system (ADAPS) database in the USGS Center for Water and Restoration Studies (CWRS) in Miami and available for CERP purposes. In addition to data from monitoring stations described above, salinity surveys will be performed along these 9 generalized transects, and these will include salinity, temperature, and GPS data from boat-mounted systems. Surveys will be performed regularly on a quarterly basis and twice following hydrologic events, totaling a maximum of 6 surveys per year.
Supplemental_Information:
This project is being worked in cooperation with the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) and the U.S. Corps of Engineers (USACE)
  1. How should this data set be cited?

    Jeff Woods Eduardo Patino, Mark Zucker, 2011, Coastal Gradients of Flow, Salinity, and Nutrients.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -81.125
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.08
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 25.67
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 25.08

  3. What does it look like?

    <http://sofia.usgs.gov/exchange/zucker_woods_patino/index.php> (Google Map)
    map of south Florida data collection sites
    <http://sofia.usgs.gov/exchange/zucker_woods_patino/location.html> (GIF)
    location of the coastal gradients sites

  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

    Beginning_Date: 2002
    Ending_Date: 30-Sep-2010
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition

  5. What is the general form of this data set?

    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: project

  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?

    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?

      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):

      • Point (11)

    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?

      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.0001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.0001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees.

      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is Geodetic Reference System 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257.

      Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Altitude_System_Definition:
      Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988
      Altitude_Resolution: 0.01
      Altitude_Distance_Units: feet
      Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values

  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    The salinity is parts per thousand (ppt). Salinity is shown in intervals of 5 ppt by color on the maps.

    The data files contain the following for each date: date of collection; temperature in degrees Celsius; specific conductance in microsiemens per centimeter; salinity in parts per thousand; and latitude and longitude in decimal degrees, and stage in feet, .

    Additional data include filtered discharge in cubic feet per second

    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS personnel


Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)

  2. Who also contributed to the data set?

    Project personnel include Shane Ploos, Lars Soderqvist, Craig Thompson, and Barclay Shoemaker

  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?

    Jeff Woods
    U.S. Geological Survey
    7500 SW 36th Streeet
    Davie, FL 33315
    4

    954 377-5950 (voice)
    954 377-5901 (FAX)
    jwoods@usgs.gov


Why was the data set created?

The Water Resources Development Act (WRDA) of 2000 authorized the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) as a framework for modifications and operational changes to the Central and Southern Florida Project needed to restore the south Florida ecosystem. Provisions within WRDA 2000 provide for specific authorization for an adaptive assessment and monitoring program. A Monitoring and Assessment Plan (MAP) has been developed as the primary tool to assess the system-wide performance of the CERP by the REstoration, COordination and VERification (RECOVER) program. The MAP presents the monitoring and supporting enhancement of scientific information and technology needed to measure the responses of the South Florida ecosystem.

The MAP also presents the system-wide performance measures representative of the natural and human systems found in South Florida that will be evaluated to help determine the success of CERP. These system-wide performance measures address the responses of the South Florida ecosystem that the CERP is explicitly designed to improve, correct, or otherwise directly affect. A separate Performance Measure Documentation Report being prepared by RECOVER provides the scientific, technical, and legal basis for the performance measures. This project is intended to support the Greater Everglades (GE) Wetlands module of the MAP and is directly linked to the monitoring or supporting enhancement component

In 2003, CERP MAP funding through the South Florida Water Management District established 10 monitoring stations as part of the Coastal Gradients Network. The purpose of this MAP project with the USACE is to continue operation of these 10 stations for the MAP activities.


How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

    Date: 2006 (process 1 of 2)
    Task 1 - Elevation Control GPS and Local Surveys GPS static surveys will be performed and processed to determine the elevation (NAVD'88) of reference marks at: Upstream Lostman's River, Upstream Broad River, Bottle Creek at Rookery Branch, Taylor Slough Wetland at E-146, C-111 Wetland, Unnamed Creek near Manatee Bay, and Card Sound Canal monitoring stations. In addition to GPS static surveys, optical surveys will be performed to transfer NAVD-88 datum from the GPS reference mark, to a set of three independent Reference Marks (RMs) at each station.

    (1) Deliverable - Water level elevation referenced to the North American Datum of 1988 (NAVD'88) for all stations listed above.

    (2) Timeframe - Surveys to be completed by September 30, 2004; elevation transfer to all reference marks to continue into FY-05 and completed in FY05.

    Task 2 - Monitoring Station Operation and Maintenance This task includes: a) Operation and maintenance of field instrumentation, for the collection of water level, water velocity, salinity, and temperature data; b) Computation of discharge records (not at wetland sites); c) Quality assurance and quality control of all field and computed data; d) Data release and publication. USGS will service and maintain 10 monitoring stations in good working order and in a manner conducive to producing the data and deliverables identified in this SOW for the duration of the work order. The ten monitoring stations are as follows:

    2a. Upstream Lostman's River- estuarine stream 2b. Upstream Broad River - estuarine stream 2c. Bottle Creek at Rookery Branch- estuarine stream 2d. Harney River- estuarine stream 2e. Upstream North River - estuarine stream 2f. Unnamed Creek near Manatee Bay- estuarine stream 2g. Unnamed Creek in Barnes Sound land - estuarine stream 2h. Southwest Taylor Slough northeast of Seven Palm Lake - upstream wetland 2i. Upstream eastern Joe Bay in the C-111 basin- upstream wetland 2j. Seven Palm Lake-lake

    (1) Deliverable - A summary report on the status of all stations and data will be provided.

    (2) Timeframe - The annual status summary report will be provided each September for fiscal years 2005, 2006 and 2007.

    Task 3 - Salinity Surveys Salinity surveys will be performed using boat-mounted "flow-through" systems along the southwest coast of ENP, northeast coast of Florida Bay, and Manatee Bay/Barnes Sound areas. Data collected will include salinity, temperature, and GPS location for every data point. Four quarterly and two event-driven surveys will be completed on a yearly basis, totaling a maximum of six per year. These surveys will include the following river/creek systems:

    3a. Lostman's river 3b. Broad River 3c. Shark/Harney River system 3d. North River/Whitewater Bay 3e. McCormick Creek/Seven Palm Lake 3f. Taylor River 3g. Trout Creek/Joe Bay 3h. Manatee Creek/Manatee Bay 3i. Barnes Sound Canal

    (1) Deliverable - A summary report on salinity surveys will be provided.

    (2) Timeframe - The annual summary report will be provided each September for fiscal years 2005, 2006 and 2007.

    Task 4 - Water Quality Samples Water quality samples will be collected at three monitoring stations for determining the Total Nutrient concentrations (TN and TP). ISCO automatic samplers will be used for the collection of water quality samples at selected intervals. Point and cross-sectional samples will also be collected to determine "point-to-mean" relations and to quality assure ISCO samples. Locations for nutrient data collection are as follows:

    4a. Upstream North River 4b. North River below Cutoff 4c.West Highway Creek

    (1) Deliverable - A summary report of water quality information will be provided.

    (2) Timeframe - The annual summary report will be provided each September for fiscal years 2005, 2006 and 2007.

    Task 5 - Reports Annual reports are due at the end of each year and a final report is due approximately after the completion of the work order associated with this SOW. Annually, data for each year (ending September) will be processed, quality assured, and made publicly available by April of the following year.

    c. Approach and Methodology in relation to Tasks 1 thru 4.

    1. All water level information is referenced to local datum until NAVD-88 datum is established. NAVD-88 datum will be established using GPS static surveys at monitoring platforms.

    2. All flow stations are instrumented with water level, salinity, temperature and velocity sensors. Velocity data will be collected with acoustic Doppler instruments, calibrated with the use of an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), and used in the computation of discharge. Monthly ADCP discharge measurements will be done at all new sites during the first year and bi-monthly thereafter for rating verification purposes. Salinity and temperature data will be collected at one or two depths in the water column.

    3. Discharge data is computed using established area and velocity ratings. Area ratings are developed using depth soundings from available ADCP measurements at each site and OSW supported software programs. Index-velocity ratings will be developed through regression analyses, determining relations between instrument velocity (Index velocity) and mean cross-sectional velocity from ADCP measurements.

    4. Marsh sites are instrumented with water level, salinity, temperature, and velocity sensors. Velocity data will be recorded with acoustic Doppler instruments. Salinity and temperature will be recorded at one or two depths in the water column. No discharge will be computed for these sites.

    5. Water velocity in the marshes is quality-assured and will be made available. No discharge will be computed at these locations.

    6. Groundwater wells are instrumented with water level, salinity, and temperature sensors. Pressure transducers are used to measure water level at ground water wells.

    7. Salinity and temperature probes are cleaned and calibrated on a monthly basis to assure the quality of record.

    8. Salinity surveys are performed using boat-mounted flow-through systems equipped with a salinity/temperature sensor and a Global Positioning System (GPS).

    9. ISCO automatic samplers are used at three locations to collect water samples for Nutrient analysis. Every 18 hours water is pumped and a composite bottle is made up of 3 pumping sessions.

    10. Field visits to collect sample bottles are made on a 3-week schedule.

    11. During site visits, grab samples are taken and analyzed for total and dissolved nutrients.

    12. Water samples collected with auto-samplers are analyzed for total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations.

    13. Grab samples are analyzed for total and dissolved nutrients, and used to compliment and quality assured auto-sampler data.

    Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Government

    Date: Not complete (process 2 of 2)
    Work planned for FY 2007:

    Salinity surveys will be performed using boat-mounted systems to collect information along the southwestern coast of ENP, northeastern coast of Florida Bay, and Manatee Bay/Barnes Sound. The information will include salinity and temperature data and geographic location in latitude and longitude for every data point. Four quarterly and two event-driven surveys will be completed on a yearly basis for a maximum of six per year. The salinity survey is performed on the same day across the study area and usually requires the use of 4 boats and 8 crew members to complete. The surveys will include these river/creek systems: Lostmans River to upstream Lostmans River; Broad River to upstream Broad River; Shark River/Harney River to Bottle Creek; North River to upstream North River; McCormick Creek to Seven Palm Lake; Taylor River mouth to upstream Taylor River; Trout Creek to Joe Bay/Snag Bay; and Barnes Sound to Manatee Bay/Card Sound Canal.

    Salinity surveys are performed using boat-mounted flow-through systems equipped with a YSI water quality monitor for collection of temperature and salinity. Position is determined using a GPS unit which interfaces with the YSI water quality monitor. Data collection occurs every 5 seconds and is stored in the YSI 650 data acquisition system. The accuracy of all instrumentation is verified in the USGS Ft. Lauderdale laboratory or in the field before and after the salinity survey. The temperature probe is verified using a digital NIST thermometer in the Ft. Lauderdale lab. Data collected from the four boats is combined in a spreadsheet and analyzed for erroneous data such as spikes and 0.0 values. Salinity data is then imported into a GIS package for map creation. Raw data and spatial maps will be posted on SOFIA or published in the final USGS Data Series Report to be published in 2010.

    Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Government

    Person who carried out this activity:

    Jeff Woods
    U.S. Geological Survey
    7500 SW 36th Streeet
    Davie, FL 33315
    4

    954 377-5950 (voice)
    954 377-5901 (FAX)
    jwoods@usgs.gov

  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

    Price, C. Woolverton, J.; Overton, K., 2004, Water Resources Data for Florida, 2004, Volume 2A: South Florida Surface Water: USGS Water Data Report FL-04-2A, U.S. Geological Survey, Florida.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: accessed as of 7/11/2011
    Hittle, Clinton Patino, Eduardo; Zucker, Mark, 2004, Hydrologic Characteristics of Estuarine River Systems within Everglades National Park: USGS Fact Sheet 2004-3129, U.S. Geological Survey, Tallahassee, FL.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: accesssed as of 5/25/2011
    Rantz, S. E and others, 1982, Measurement and computation of streamflow Volume 1: measurement of stage and discharge: USGS Water Supply Paper 2175, vol. 1, U.S. Geological Survey, unknown.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: accessed as of 5/23/2011
    Sauer, Vernon B., 2002, Standards for the analysis and processing of surface-water data and information using electronic methods: USGS Water-Resources Investigations Report 01-4044, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: accessed as of 5/23/2011
    Wagner, R. J. Boulger, Jr, R. W.; Oblinge, 2006, Guidelines and standard procedures for continuous water-quality monitors: station operation, record computation, and data reporting: USGS Techniques and Methods 1-D3, U.S. Geological Survey, unknown.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    supersedes Water-Investigations Report 00-4252

    accessed as of 5/25/2011

    Oberg, K. A. Morlock, S. E.; Caldwell, W, 2005, Quality-assurance plan for discharge measurements using acoustic Doppler current profilers: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5183, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    in cooperation with the U. S. Amy Corps of Engineers, Detroit District

    accessed as of 5/23/2011

    Simpson, M. R., 2002, Discharge measurements using a broad-band acoustic Doppler current profiler: USGS Open-File Report 01-01, U.S. Geological Survey, Sacramento, CA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: accessed as of 5/23/2011
    Ruhl, C. A. Simpson, M. R., 2005, Computation of discharge using the index-velocity method in tidally affected areas: USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5004, U.S. Geological Survey, Sacramento, CA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Prepared in cooperation with the Interagency Ecological Program

    available online only; accessed as of 5/23/2011

    Price, C. Overton, K., 2005, Water Resources Data for Florida, 2005, Volume 2A, South Florida Surface Water USGS Water-Data Report FL-05-2A: USGS Water-Data Report FL-05-2A, U.S. Geological Survey, Florida.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    accessed as of 7/8/2011

    The data are part of the Stage, Discharge, and Water Quality of Steams section

    Woods, Jeff Zucker, Mark, 2007, Estuarine Response in Northeastern Florida Bay to Major Hurricanes in 2005: USGS Circular 1306, chapter 6, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Farris, G. S.; Smith, G. J.; Crane, M. P.;, 2007, Science and the Storms: The USGS Response to the Hurricanes of 2005: USGS Circular 1306, U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center, Lafayette, LA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: accesssed as of 7/8/2011
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2007, Water-Resources Data for the United States: Water Year 2007: USGS Water Data Report Water Year 2007, U.S. Geological Survey, online.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    accessed as of 7/1/2011

    The link below goes to selected stations for south Florida

    U.S. Geological Survey, 2006, Water-Resources Data for the United States: Water Year 2006: USGS Water Data Report Water Year 2006, U.S. Geological Survey, online.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    accessed as of 7/1/2011

    The link below goes to selected stations for south Florida

    Zucker, M. Boudreau, C., 2010, Sediment Transport on Cape Sable, Everglades National Park, FL: Joint Federal Interagency Conference, unknown.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    accessed as of 7/8/2011

    This paper is from the Proceedings of the Joint Federal Interagency Conference June 27 - July 1, 2010 in Las Vegas, NV. The Joint Conference included the 9th Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference and the 4th Federal Interagency Hydrologic Modeling Conference.

    Woods, J., 2010, Surface water discharge and salinity monitoring of coastal estuaries in Everglades National Park, U.S.A., in support of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: 3rd International Perspective on Current and Future State of Water Resources and the Environment, unknown.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    acessed as of 7/8/2011

    This paper is from the proceedings of the 3rd International Perspective on Current and Future State of Water Resources and the Environment, Chennai, India


How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?

  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?

    The geographic coordinates were collected with a Garmon 76C handheld unit

  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?

  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?

    Data available for the stations include:

    Bottle Creek stage, tempersture, salinity, discharge, specific conductance 9/30/2003 - 9/30/2010 C-111 Wetland stage, temperature, salinity, specific conductance 2/4/2009 - 9/30/2010 Card Sound Canal stage, surface & bottom temp, surface & bottom salinity, discharge, filtered discharge 9/30/2003 - 9/30/2010 EDEN 3 stage, temperature, salinlty, specific conductance 11/9/2005 - 9/30/2010 Harney River stage, surface & bottom temp, surface & bottom salinity, discharge, filtered discharge 9/30/2003 - 9/30/2010 Manatee Bay Creek stage, surface & bottom temp, surface & bottom salinity, discharge, filtered discharge 10/28/2002 - 9/30/2010 Seven Palm Lake temperature, salinity 10/8/2003 - 9/30/2010 Taylor Slough Wetland stage, surface & bottom temp, surface & bottom salinity, discharge 10/4/2003 - 9/30/2010 Upstream Broad River stage, surface & bottom temp, surface & bottom salinity, discharge, filtered discharge 9/30/2003 - 9/30/2010 Upstream Lostmans River stage, surface & bottom temp, surface & bottom salinity, discharge, filtered discharge 9/5/2003 - 9/30/2010 Upstream North River stage, surface & bottom temp, surface & bottom salinity, discharge, filtered discharge 9/30/2003 - 9/30/2010

    Click on the individual stations in the South Florida Hydrology Database for a summary of the available data.

  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?

    Data collected at the 11 monitoring stations include water level (stage), velocity (discharge), salinity, and temperature. These stations will complement data collected from the existing network of 20 hydrologic monitoring stations of ongoing USGS projects.


How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?

Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints: none

  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 6)

    Heather S. Henkel
    U.S. Geological Survey
    600 Fourth St. South
    St. Petersburg, FL 33701
    USA

    727 803-8747 ext 3028 (voice)
    727 803-2030 (FAX)
    hhenkel@usgs.gov

  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    salinity surveys

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    The maps are for informational purposes only and contain no implied accuracy of data points. The data are published a part of the MAP monitoring program in support of CERP restoration

  4. How can I download or order the data?


  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 2 of 6)

    Florida Integrated Science Center - Fort Lauderdale
    Chief, Hydrologic Data Section
    3110 SW 9th Avenue
    Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33315
    USA

    954 377-5900 (voice)
    954 377-5091 (FAX)
    GS-FL_FISC_Fort_Lauderdale_Hydrologic_Records_Chief@usgs.gov

  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    South Florida Real-Time Surface Water Stations

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    Provisional data subject to revision

  4. How can I download or order the data?


  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 3 of 6)

    Florida NWISWeb Maintainers
    Florida Integrated Science Center

    3310 SW 9th Ave.
    Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33315
    USA

    not available (voice)
    gs-w-fl_NWISWeb_Maintainer@usgs.gov

    Contact_Instructions: Please use email
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    Real-Time Ground Water Data

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    Provisional data subject to revision

  4. How can I download or order the data?


  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 4 of 6)

    Florida NWISWeb Maintainers
    Florida Integrated Science Center

    3310 SW 9th Ave.
    Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33315
    USA

    not available (voice)
    gs-w-fl_NWISWeb_Maintainer@usgs.gov

    Contact_Instructions: Please use email
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    Water Quality Data

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    The data secured from the USGS NWISWeb database may include data that have not recieved Director's approval and as such are provisional and subject to change. The data are released on the condition that neither the USGS nor the United States Government may be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use.

  4. How can I download or order the data?


  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 5 of 6)

    Heather S. Henkel
    U.S. Geological Survey
    600 Fourth St. South
    St. Petersburg, FL 33701
    USA

    727 803-8747 ext 3028 (voice)
    727 803-2030 (FAX)
    hhenkel@usgs.gov

  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    South Florida Hydrology Data Download

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    The data have no explicit or implied guarantees.

  4. How can I download or order the data?


  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 6 of 6)

    Heather S. Henkel
    U.S. Geological Survey
    600 Fourth St. South
    St. Petersburg, FL 33701
    USA

    727 803-8747 ext 3028 (voice)
    727 803-2030 (FAX)
    hhenkel@usgs.gov

  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    Everglades Gage Gazetteer

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    The data have no implied or explicit guarantees

  4. How can I download or order the data?


Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 11-Jul-2011
Metadata author:
Heather Henkel
U.S. Geological Survey
600 Fourth Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
USA

727 803-8747 ext 3028 (voice)
727 803-2030 (FAX)
sofia-metadata@usgs.gov

Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)


This page is <http://sofia.usgs.gov/metadata/sflwww/coastal_grads.faq.html>

U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey
Comments and suggestions? Contact: Heather Henkel - Webmaster
Generated by mp version 2.8.18 on Mon Jul 11 16:50:02 2011