Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Richard P. Stumpf Megan L. Frayer Publication_Date: Unpublished material Title: Remote Sensing of Water Turbidity and Sedimentation and Their Relationship to Algal Blooms Online_Linkage: http://sofia.usgs.gov/projects/sed_turbidity/ Description: Abstract: A decline in water clarity in Florida Bay has been observed following the seagrass dieoffs starting in the late 1980's. Algal blooms and discolored water have been reported in Florida Bay over the last several years and factors such as resuspension of material and nutrients from the bottom have been suggested as a cause. Monthly monitoring programs by Florida International University (FIU) and Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) have provided documentation of blooms through chlorophyll measurements. This study is using remote sensing to examine resuspension events, the distribution of turbid water and changes in the patterns of water clarity in the Bay. Purpose: The project is conducting comparisons between chlorophyll values collected from the shipboard monitoring programs and pre-cruise reflectances to assess whether there is a link between resuspension events and algal blooms. The next stage in the project is to expand the AVHRR data set backward to before the seagrass dieoffs and to incorporate Landsat data for limited high resolution analysis. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19891201 Ending_Date: 1999 Currentness_Reference: Publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -81.25 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.3 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 25.8 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.75 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Theme_Keyword: biology Theme_Keyword: hydrogeology Theme_Keyword: mapping Theme_Keyword: algal blooms Theme_Keyword: chlorophyll Theme_Keyword: reflectance Theme_Keyword: remote sensing Theme_Keyword: seagrass Theme_Keyword: secchi depths Theme_Keyword: turbidity Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: biota Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters Theme_Keyword: 002 Theme_Keyword: 007 Theme_Keyword: 010 Theme_Keyword: 012 Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: 008 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Department of Commerce, 1995, Countries, Dependencies, Areas of Special Sovereignty, and Their Principal Administrative Divisions, Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 10-4, Washington, D.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: US Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the outlying areas of the United States, and associated areas (Federal Information Processing Standard 5-2): Washington, D. C., NIST Place_Keyword: Florida Place_Keyword: FL Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Department of Commerce, 1990, Counties and Equivalent Entities of the United States, Its Possessions, and Associated Areas, FIPS 6-3, Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology Place_Keyword: Monroe County Place_Keyword: Miami-Dade County Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Geographic Names Information System Place_Keyword: Johnson Key Place_Keyword: Sprigger Bank Place_Keyword: Twin Key Place_Keyword: Florida Bay Place_Keyword: Biscayne Bay Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Place_Keyword: Central Everglades Place_Keyword: South East Coast Place_Keyword: Rankin Lake Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: none Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Rob Wertz Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Manager - Data Management Group Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing address Address: 600 Fourth Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727 803-8747 ext. 3045 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727 803-2030 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rwertz@usgs.gov Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Ransibrahmanakul, Varis Stumpf, Richard P. Publication_Date: 2002 Title: The Use of AVHRR Satellite Data for Estimating Spatially Varying Critical Wind Stress in Florida Bay Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: report Series_Information: Series_Name: Journal of Coastal Research Issue_Identification: v. 18, no. 2 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Royal Palm Beach, FL Publisher: Coastal Education and Research Foundation (CERF) Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: not applicable Completeness_Report: unavailable Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: The Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on NOAA 600 usable scenes are available from some 1500 covering a period from December 1989 to the present. AVHRR has a pixel size of about 1.1 km. The data sets are processed for water reflectance, which is related to water turbidity variables such as attenuation, Secchi depths, total particulate matter, and nephelometric turbidity. Tentative relationships with these variables have been made. (Sea surface temperature is also determined.) High reflectance corresponds to high attenuation or particulate loads or shallow Secchi depth. The individual scenes are also processed to obtain monthly and seasonal means, with winter corresponding to the period of December to March and summer to June through September. Initial analyses include the points corresponding to fixed stations occupied at a monthly interval by FIU or FDEP. In examining the average reflectance of the entire Bay, the satellite imagery does not show a trend between December 1989 and September 1996. The seasonal pattern of high turbidity in winter and low in summer is evident. Trends over the time period appear in subsections of the Bay. A substantial increase in water reflectance is evident in the north-central Bay (which has been documented in field studies, this region includes Rankin Lake and Johnson Key. However these appear to have different phasing, with Johnson Key showing an increase in turbidity about two years earlier than Rankin Lake. Both sites show the decline in both winter and summer. Twin Key, which has the clearest water in the Bay, has shown a slight increase. The southwest portion of the Bay, west of Sprigger Bank, has shown a decrease in reflectance, indicating clearer water. Process_Date: 2000 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Rob Wertz Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Manager - Data Management Group Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing address Address: 600 Fourth Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727 803-8747 ext. 3045 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727 803-2030 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rwertz@usgs.gov Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Rob Wertz Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Manager - Data Management Group Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing address Address: 600 Fourth Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727 803-8747 ext. 3045 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727 803-2030 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rwertz@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Florida Bay satellite images Distribution_Liability: The data have no implied or explicit guarantees. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GIF Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/flbay/ Access_Instructions: Images may be downloaded through SOFIA from the USGS Coastal & Marine Geology Program website Fees: none Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20061004 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Heather Henkel Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 600 Fourth Street South City: St. Petersburg State_or_Province: FL Postal_Code: 33701 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 727 803-8747 ext 3028 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 727 803-2030 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sofia-metadata@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998