Robert Halley Ellen Prager 1997 map USGS Open-File Report OFR 97-526 St. Petersburg, FL U.S. Geological Survey http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/ofr/97-526/ The map shows the bottom types for Florida Bay that resulted from site surveys and boat transects (summer 1996-January 1997) compared with aerial photographs (December 1994-January 1995) and SPOT satellite imagery (1987). The purpose of this map is to describe the bottom types found within Florida Bay for use in 1) assessing bottom friction associated with sediment and benthic communities and 2) providing a very general description for other research needs. For these purposes, two descriptors were considered particularly important: density of seagrass cover and sediment texture. Seagrass estimates are visual estimates of the amount of seagrass cover including both number of plants and leaf length. Therefore, seagrass cover may be greater in areas with long leaves than in areas with short blades, even though the number of shoots may be the same. Seagrass cover is a different measure than density (Zieman et al., 1989 or Durako et al., 1996). It is used here to more accurately reflect hydrodynamic influence than the standing crop of seagrass. The use and definitions of dense, intermediate and sparse seagrass cover are similar to those used by Scoffin (1970). This map and associated descriptions are not meant to assess ecologic communities or detail sedimentological facies. The resolution of the map has been selected in an effort to define broad regions for use in modeling efforts. For these purposes, small-scale changes in bottom type (e.g. small seagrass patches) are not delineated. 1996 199701 bottom conditions Complete None planned -81.25 -80.25 25.25 24.75 none circulation sediments water quality chemistry hydrology bottom types mapping ISO 19115 Topic Category environment geoscientificInformation inlandWaters oceans 007 008 012 014 Department of Commerce, 1995, Countries, Dependencies, Areas of Special Sovereignty, and Their Principal Administrative Divisions, Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 10-4, Washington, D.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology United States US U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the outlying areas of the United States, and associated areas (Federal Information Processing Standard 5-2): Washington, D. C., NIST Florida FL Department of Commerce, 1990, Counties and Equivalent Entities of the United States, Its Possessions, and Associated Areas, FIPS 6-3, Washington, DC, National Institute of Standards and Technology Monroe County USGS Geographic Names Information System Florida Bay none Central Everglades none None. However, the resolution of the map has been selected to define broad regions for use in modeling efforts. Robert Halley U.S. Geological Survey Project Chief mailing and physical address

600 Fourth Street South

St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727 803-8747 ext 3020 727 803-2030 rhalley@usgs.gov http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/ofr/97-526/ Florida Bay Bottom Types Map GIF Data was collected by Robert Halley and Ellen Prager. The original map layout was recreated by Heather Mounts. ESRI ArcGIS 7.0 Prager, E. J. Halley, R. B. 1999 report Journal of Coastal Research v. 15, 1151-1162 Fort Lauderdale, FL Coastal Education and Research Foundation (CERF) Bosence, D. 1989 report Bulletin of Marine Science 44 (1): 434-453 Coral Gables, FL University of Florida Press Durako, M. J. Hall, M., Hall, J. 1996 abstract Florida Bay Science Conference 1996 programs and Abstracts Key Largo, FL Florida Sea Grant Zieman, J. C. Fourqurean, J. W., Iverson, R. L. 1989 report Bulletin of Marine Science 44(1): 292-311 Coral Gables, FL University of Florida Press Scholl, D. W. 1996 chapter Fairbridge, R. W., editor 1996 book New York, NY McGraw Hill Book Co. not applicable Over 650 sites in the Bay were located and examined using a small, flat-bottomed boat, high resolution GPS and snorkeling gear Local information was recorded in the Bay using a military style GPS unit - Rockwell Precision Lightweight GPS Receiver PLGR+96 with a precision of +/- 10m. During the summer of 1996 through January 1997 site surveys were conducted in Florida Bay. A small, flat-bottomed boat, high resolution GPS, and snorkeling gear were used to locate and examine over 650 sites within the Bay. In areas where depth and water clarity permitted, observations from the boat along transects between survey sites were used to identify the extent of bottom types. Over 100 sediment samples were collected and analyzed for grain size, mud, water, carbonate and organic content. Two descriptors were considered particularly important - the density of the seagrass and sediment texture. The site surveys and boat transects were compared with aerial photographs from December 1994 - January 1995 and SPOT satellite imagery from 1987 to produce the map of bottom types for Florida Bay. The map of bottom types was created using CPS3 (Contour Plotting System software) and ArcInfo 7.0.3. 1997 The original of this map has been lost. The following information pertains to the recreated map on the SOFIA web site. The data were reprojected from UTM ZONE 17, NAD83 to GEOGRAPHIC, NAD83 for SUDS 5/20/02. The map was created using CPS3 (Contour Plotting System software), ArcInfo7, and AMLs. The coverage was converted to a shapefile to be used on ArcView applications. Descriptions: The description of the sediment data and use of ArcView assumes the reader has limited knowledge of ArcView 3.2. sed.apr is a project file that might come in handy to quickly look at the data. Edit the .apr file and search for the pathnames for newsed4 and sedpts97. Change the file names to where the data files are stored. The sed.avl file contains the shade set for the sed data. In ArcView, add the newsed4 theme, and then bring up the legend editor, legend type-unique value, values field - sedname. Then 'load' the sed.avl, and it will look like the map that Ellen Prager produced. There is also a layout of the map that looks like what she published (although this layout was recreated for the web site). The newsed.ps postscript file is 8.5 X 11 inches. Or desired portions can be printed from the layout. Problems bringing this in to Adobe Illustrator to print it were corrected by just changing the mudbank color (removing the stippling) in ArcView. 2002 Robert Halley U.S. Geological Survey Project Chief mailing and physical address

600 Fourth Street South

St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727 803-8747 ext 3020 727 803-2030 rhalley@usgs.gov Florida Bay 0.00001 0.00001 Decimal degrees North American Datum of 1983 Geodetic Reference System 80 6378137 298.257 Eight bottom types are delineated on the map: Bank Top Suite - commonly called mud banks and occurring at depths typically less the 0.6 m. These areas are spatially complex environments that are dominated by mud, sand, or, in the western portion of the Bay, gravel. Open Mud - areas where no significant seagrass growth occurs and other benthic fauna except for algal mats are not apparent. Sediments are predominately carbonate mud with a relatively high organic and water content. Hardbottom - areas with little or no seagrass cover and only up to 5 cm of sediment overlying the Pleistocene limestone bedrock. Sediments tend to be either lightly muddy carbonate sand or sand, have relatively little organic matter, and low water content. Sparse Seagrass Cover - area in which greater than 50 percent of the bottom is exposed. Sediments are predominately slightly muddy carbonate sand, sandy mud, or sand and vary form 3 cm to over 2 m in thickness. Intermediate Seagrass Cover - greater than 50 percent seagrass cover with open areas of exposed sediment on the bottom less that 50 percent. Sediments are dominated by sand and shelly (gravely) carbonate mud from 0.33 m to over 2m thick. Dense Seagrass Cover - areas where the bottom is completely obscured from view by grass growth. Sediments are muddy sand with a relatively high organic and/or shell content. Open Sandy Areas - areas that are distinct from hardbottoms in that no significant benthic life is present. Sediments are coarse shelly carbonate sands. Mixed Bottom Suites - areas of a highly variable bottom type where variations in seagrass density are extreme and open mud areas occur on a seemingly irregular basis. Sediments are coarse shelly carbonate sands. A more complete description of the bottom types may be found at http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/fs/156-96/bottom_types/index.html. Heather S.Henkel U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

600 Fourth St. South

St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727 803-8747 ext 3028 727 803-2030 hhenkel@usgs.gov Florida Bay Bottom Types map The data have no implied or explicit guarantees ArcInfo shapefile 7.0 Florida Bay Bottom Types map (UTM Zone 17) The files have been zipped 4.4 http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/ofr/97-526/ Log onto the SOFIA web site at http://sofia.usgs.gov Adobe Acrobat pdf 5.0 0.27 http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/ofr/97-526/ofr-97-526-map.pdf Log onto the SOFIA web site at http://sofia.usgs.gov JPEG 2000 0.25 http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/ofr/97-526/bottom-types-map.jpg Log onto the SOFIA web site at http://sofia.usgs.gov ArcInfo shapfile 7.0 Florida Bay Bottom Types map (geographic projection) The files have been zipped 3.5 http://sofia.usgs.gov/publications/ofr/97-526 Log on to the SOFIA website at http://sofia.usgs.gov none 20070123 Heather Henkel U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical address

600 Fourth Street South

St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727 803-8747 ext 3028 727 803-2030 sofia-metadata@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998